Audio tags

February 8th, 2012

Audio tags are looking to become the new easier alternative to QR code: You don’t need to take a picture of anything in order for them to work.

Why Lady Gaga Could Deploy a Sound Only Your Smartphone Can Hear article tells that a startup called SonicNotify embeds inaudibly high-pitched audio signals within music or any other audio track.

SonicNotify system transmits a high-frequency sound wave through speakers (we can’t hear the frequency but smartphones can hear it) so the technology allows to unlock content at live events and TV shows.

When a SonicNotify-enabled application on your smartphone hears that signal, it triggers any available smartphone function: link you to websites, display text, bring up map locations, display a photo, etc.

Interesting idea.

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“Hacker Way”

February 7th, 2012

In last week’s SEC filing, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg poked a huge hornet’s nest when he referenced “The Hacker Way.”. Facebook participates in some parts of the larger hacker culture it might have been a mistake for Zuckerberg to refer to Facebook as a company that embodies the hacker way according to Famous hackers discuss Zuckerberg’s “Hacker Way” comments article. The article writers contacted a handful of well recognized hackers for comments. And they got a good set of comments.

Here is somewhat related video link that tells what technology people from San Francisco on last week’s announcement that Facebook intends to list on the stock exchange.
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Decide Which Parts of HTML5 and CSS 3 to Use

February 5th, 2012

HTML5 is clearly the way to do web development today. Microsoft: The Web is better without plug-ins article tells that Microsoft began distancing itself from browser plug-ins last year starting with Internet Explorer on Windows 8’s Metro interface. Microsoft just said few days ago clearly: plug-ins are bad for the Web. Also Adobe is being reborn as a Web technology company that is advancing Web standards, not promoting its own in-house Flash technology. So it is not time to forget Adobe Flash and Silverlight for any new web service implementations.

HTML5 is still evolving standard and not in all parts ready. You need to know which parts are ready for use and which are not ready to be used. HTML5 Please web page gives help for web developers for using those new web technologies. HTML5 Please helps you decide which parts of HTML5 and CSS 3 to use. The recommendations for HTML5 and CSS 3 features are divided into three groups — “use”, “use with caution” and “avoid”. The result is a site that makes it easy to figure out which new elements are safe to use and which are still probably too new for mainstream work.

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Arduino-powered glove

February 3rd, 2012

Carnegie Mellon HCI students bring your favorite action hero sound effects to life. Arduino-powered glove brings real sound effects to your make believe gun show article tells that a team from Carnegie Mellon’s Human-Computer Interaction course have built a glove that does some interesting tricks.

AHRG: Augmented Hyper-Reality Glove video gives you the idea how thing works:

The Augmented Hyper-Reality Glove can identify upper-cuts and karate chops using flex and tilt sensors and play the accompanying sound effect using an Arduino-powered Adafruit wave shield.

Tin whiskers cause problems

February 1st, 2012

Tin whiskers” is not an imaginative, fanciful term for some aspect of electronics manufacturing.Tin whiskers are real, and they pose a serious problem for electronics of all types. Tin whiskers can could cause short circuits. The switch to alternative solders (away from traditional tin+lead solder) in order to achieve RoHS compliance has created some challenges for the semiconductor industry, especially tin whiskers.

Understanding and mitigating tin whiskers article says that tin whiskers are almost invisible to the human eye and are 10 to 100 times thinner than a human hair. They can bridge fairly large distances between electrical device leads, and in so doing, can short out the conductors. They can grow fairly rapidly; incubation can range from days to years.

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Toyota has had problems with uncontrolled acceleration. Earlier report have said that the acceleration problems that led to the recall of nearly eight million Toyota cars and trucks in 2009 and 2010 were mechanical. Yet some believe that the issue goes beyond the floor mats and some new material on that has just surfaced. Toyota accelerations revisited—hanging by a (tin) whisker article tells that a NASA paper delivered at the International Tin Whisker Symposium last year reported on tin whisker growth in Toyota accelerator pedal position sensors that could lead to unintended acceleration. The whiskers were found in a “failed” sensor from a 2003 Camry and at least two other similar units that did not malfunction. The NASA paper gives further insight by detailing tin whisker physical behavior as well as outlining guidelines and methods of detecting whiskers.

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Understanding and mitigating tin whiskers paper tells that tin whiskers are real, and they pose a serious problem for electronics of all types. Connectors, passive and active components, switches, and relays now must all be lead-free, and the switch to alternative solders in order to achieve RoHS compliance has created some challenges for the semiconductor industry, especially tin whiskers. Pure, tin-plated electronics have become ubiquitous over just the past five years. When used as a finish material for electronic components, pure tin can spontaneously grow conductive whiskers.

When a whisker grows between two conductors, the whisker usually fuses (disappears), creating a momentary short circuit. In some cases the whisker forms a conductive path, creating false signals at an incorrect location. In very rare cases, rather than disappearing like a fuse link, the whisker can instead form a conductive plasma.

Because the electronics industry does not really know what causes tin whiskers, cannot predict their appearance other than to say whiskers are likely to form on pure tin. Also higher the altitude, the more rapid the whisker formation.

Here are some suggestions for reducing the risk of tin whiskers:
1. Do not use pure tin. Studies have shown that alloying tin with a second metal reduces the propensity for whisker growth. (minimum of 3% lead by weight is acceptable)
2. Do not rely on the order paperwork. Use x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to verify finish on all critical parts.
3. Refinish a pure tin-finished part with a hot-solder dip. Stripping and replating is a recommended approach and is a service offered by some of the original part manufacturers.
4. Use some type of encapsulation or conformal coating. Uralane 5750 conformal can provide some benefit by reducing the growth rate, but tin whiskers can grow through conformal coating.

The shift away from lead solder presents risks for high-reliability applications, particularly in the form of tin whiskers on tin-containing finishes. When a tin-bearing finish is used, conformal coatings have been somewhat effective in fighting this problem. Because of the potentially dangerous and unpredictable risks of pure tin, it is not presently used in medical devices.

NASA has lost satellites due tin whisker. NASA Tin Whisker (and Other Metal Whisker) Homepage has more details on that. Tin Whiskers in Electronics Components white paper from Tyco Electronics is also good reading with lots of pictures.

Tell your IT problems in time

January 30th, 2012

Our society relies increasingly on information technology (IT). In such a society, it is important that we, as citizens, trust and are satisfied with services utilizing IT. Unfortunately, IT problems in the use of services are part of our daily lives and. And they are frequently reported by the mass media.

Usually most of the IT problems visible to society are the same ones that system and service providers perceive to be the most problematic. Compensation alone will not satisfy users when the incident creates unpredictability and uncertainty for them. After service degradation, users are eager to use the service again if they receive relevant information. Information and knowledge thus play a significant role in incidents. Users will continue to IT after the failure, using a service, most likely, when they get the problem situation in a sufficient factual information.

This is stated in a recent Finnish study, doctoral thesis Information technology incidents in the present information society : Viewpoints of service providers, users, and the mass media, which examined the users’ thinking and intentions of the services provided at the time of their IT-related problems after the failures.

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Clear information can bring significant competitive advantages over other service providers.

How do banners affect PA sound

January 28th, 2012

You can see quite often in big events that PA speakers are hidden behind large banners. Often times the event organizers want the speaker stacks covered with some client-related graphics. The question which comes to mind is how much does this kind of covering hurt the sound quality? What is the reality? Do Graphic Vinyl Banners Affect Sound Transmission? article at John Huntington’s Blog takes a practical approach to test what is the effect. The end result was that it never seemed that this vinyl affected the sound all that much. Normally the wind, humidity, and other factors outdoors have a far greater impact on the quality of the sound than these banners. The article has some measurement results (using SMAART) for those interested in them.

WIMM One

January 27th, 2012

Some time ago I saw an interesting video of a new gadget:

The WIMM One has a worthy ambition: shifting information from your smartphone screen to your wrist. The aim is to allow you to get on with life rather than pulling your phone from your pocket every thirty seconds. WIMM is a smart watch harnesses Android, a high-tech display and sensors.

The current developer kit version is targeted at developers. Commercial versions for end-consumers are expected in the coming months. For more details read WIMM One Developer Kit Review. Looks interesting based on the video and interview article.

Hy the way another interesting hacker watch product is EZ430-Chronos from Texas Instruments. I have seen this Chronos product in real life on hand of one TI field application engineer.

Computer technologies for 2012

January 25th, 2012

ARM processor becomes more and more popular during year 2012. Power and Integration—ARM Making More Inroads into More Designs. It’s about power—low power; almost no power. A huge and burgeoning market is opening for devices that are handheld and mobile, have rich graphics, deliver 32-bit multicore compute power, include Wi-Fi, web and often 4G connectivity, and that can last up to ten hours on a battery charge.The most obvious among these are smartphones and tablets, but there is also an increasing number of industrial and military devices that fall into this category.

The rivalry between ARM and Intel in this arena is predictably intense because try as it will, Intel has not been able to bring the power consumption of its Atom CPUs down to the level of ARM-based designs (Atom typically in 1-4 watt range and a single ARM Cortex-A9 core in the 250 mW range). ARM’s East unimpressed with Medfield, design wins article tells that Warren East, CEO of processor technology licensor ARM Holdings plc (Cambridge, England), is unimpressed by the announcements made by chip giant Intel about the low-power Medfield system-chip and its design wins. On the other hand Android will run better on our chips, says Intel. Look out what happens in this competition.

Windows-on-ARM Spells End of Wintel article tells that Brokerage house Nomura Equity Research forecasts that the emerging partnership between Microsoft and ARM will likely end the Windows-Intel duopoly. The long-term consequences for the world’s largest chip maker will likely be an exit from the tablet market as ARM makes inroads in notebook computers. As ARM is surely going to keep pointing out to everyone, they don’t have to beat Intel’s raw performance to make a big splash in this market, because for these kinds of devices, speed isn’t everything, and their promised power consumption advantage will surely be a major selling point.

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Windows 8 Release Expected in 2012 article says that Windows 8 will be with us in 2012, according to Microsoft roadmaps. Microsoft still hinting at October Windows 8 release date. It will be seen what are the ramifications of Windows 8, which is supposed to run on either the x86 or ARM architectures. Windows on ARM will not be terribly successful says analyst but it is left to be seen is he right. ARM-based chip vendors that Microsoft is working with (TI, Nvidia, Qualcomm) are now focused on mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, etc.) because this is where the biggest perceived advantages of ARM-based chips lie, and do not seem to be actively working on PC designs.

Engineering Windows 8 for mobile networks is going on. Windows 8 Mobile Broadband Enhancements Detailed article tells that using mobile broadband in Windows 8 will no longer require specific drivers and third-party software. This is thanks to the new Mobile Broadband Interface Model (MBIM) standard, which hardware makers are reportedly already beginning to adopt, and a generic driver in Windows 8 that can interface with any chip supporting that standard. Windows will automatically detect which carrier it’s associated with and download any available mobile broadband app from the Windows store. MBIM 1.0 is a USB-based protocol for host and device connectivity for desktops, laptops, tablets and mobile devices. The specification supports multiple generations of GSM and CDMA-based 3G and 4G packet data services including the recent LTE technology.

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Consumerization of IT is a hot trend that continues at year 2012. Uh-oh, PC: Half of computing device sales are mobile. Mobile App Usage Further Dominates Web, Spurred by Facebook article tells that the era of mobile computing, catalyzed by Apple and Google, is driving among the largest shifts in consumer behavior over the last forty years. Impressively, its rate of adoption is outpacing both the PC revolution of the 1980s and the Internet Boom of the 1990s. By the end of 2012, Flurry estimates that the cumulative number of iOS and Android devices activated will surge past 1 billion, making the rate of iOS and Android smart device adoption more than four times faster than that of personal computers (over 800 million PCs were sold between 1981 and 2000). Smartphones and tablets come with broadband connectivity out-of-the-box. Bring-your-own-device becoming accepted business practice.

Mobile UIs: It’s developers vs. users article tells that increased emphasis on distinctive smartphone UIs means even more headaches for cross-platform mobile developers. Whose UI will be a winner? Native apps trump the mobile Web.The increased emphasis on specialized mobile user interface guidelines casts new light on the debate over Web apps versus native development, too.

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The Cloud is Not Just for Techies Anymore tells that cloud computing achieves mainstream status. So we demand more from it. That’s because our needs and expectations for a mainstream technology and an experimental technology differ. Once we depend on a technology to run our businesses, we demand minute-by-minute reliability and performance.

Cloud security is no oxymoron article is estimated that in 2013 over $148 billion will be spent on cloud computing. Companies large and small are using the cloud to conduct business and store critical information. The cloud is now mainstream. The paradigm of cloud computing requires cloud consumers to extend their trust boundaries outside their current network and infrastructure to encompass a cloud provider. There are three primary areas of cloud security that relate to almost any cloud implementation: authentication, encryption, and network access control. If you are dealing with those issues and software design, read Rugged Software Manifesto and Rugged Software Development presentation.

Enterprise IT’s power shift threatens server-huggers article tells that as more developers take on the task of building, deploying, and running applications on infrastructure outsourced to Amazon and others, traditional roles of system administration and IT operations will morph considerably or evaporate.

Explosion in “Big Data” Causing Data Center Crunch article tells that global business has been caught off-guard by the recent explosion in data volumes and is trying to cope with short-term fixes such as buying in data centre capacity. Oracle also found that the number of businesses looking to build new data centres within the next two years has risen. Data centre capacity and data volumes should be expected to go up – this drives data centre capacity building. Data centre capacity and data volumes should be expected to go up – this drives data centre capacity building. Most players active on “Big Data” field seems to plan to use Apache Hadoop framework for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers. At least EMC, Microsoft, IBM, Oracle, Informatica, HP, Dell and Cloudera are using Hadoop.

Cloud storage has been very popular topic lately to handle large amount of data storage. The benefits have been told very much, but now we can also see risks of that to realize. Did the Feds Just Kill the Cloud Storage Model? article claims that Megaupload Type Shutdowns and Patriot Act are killing interest to Cloud Storage. Many innocent Megaupload users have had their data taken away from them. The MegaUpload seizure shows how personal files hosted on remote servers operated by a third party can easily be caught up in a government raid targeted at digital pirates. In the wake of Megaupload crackdown, fear forces similar sites to shutter sharing services?. If you use any of these cloud storage sites to store or distribute your own non-infringing files, you are wise to have backups elsewhere, because they may be next on the DOJ’s copyright hit list.

Did the Feds Just Kill the Cloud Storage Model? article tells that worries have been steadily growing among European IT leaders that the USA Patriot Act would give the U.S. government unfettered access to their data if stored on the cloud servers of American providers. Escaping the grasp of the Patriot Act may be more difficult than the marketing suggests. “You have to fence yourself off and make sure that neither you or your cloud service provider has any operations in the United States”, “otherwise you’re vulnerable to U.S. jurisdiction.” And the cloud computing model is built on the argument data can and should reside anywhere around the world, freely passing between borders.

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Data centers to cut LAN cord? article mentions that 60GHz wireless links are tested in data centers to ease east-west traffic jams. According to a recent article in The New York Times, data center and networking techies are playing around with 60GHz wireless networking for short-haul links to give rack-to-rack communications some extra bandwidth for when the east-west traffic goes a bit wild. The University of Washington and Microsoft Research published a paper at the Association of Computing Machinery’s SIGCOMM 2011 conference late last year about their tests of 60GHz wireless links in the data center. Their research used prototype links that bear some resemblance to the point-to-point, high bandwidth technology known as WiGig (Wireless Gigabit), which among other things is being proposed as a means to support wireless links between Blu-ray DVD players and TVs, replacing HDMI cables (Wilocity Demonstrates 60 GHz WiGig (Draft 802.11ad) Chipset at CES). 60 GHz band is suitable for indoor, high-bandwidth use in information technology.. There are still many places for physical wires. The wired connections used in a data center are highly reliable, so “why introduce variability in a mission-critical situation?”

tcpdump

January 23rd, 2012

Packet capture is one of the most fundamental and powerful ways to do network analysis.

If you think that tcpdump has been made obsolete by GUI tools like Wireshark, think again. Wireshark is a great application; it’s just not the right tool for the job in every situation.

tcpdump uses a “one-off-command” approach that lends itself to quick, on-the-spot answers. You can run it through an SSH session, doesn’t need X and is more likely to be there when you need it. And, because tcpdump uses standard command-line conventions (such as writing to STDOUT, which can be redirected), tcpdump can be used in all sorts of creative, interesting and extremely useful ways.

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You can even use tcpdump and Wireshark together by capturing the network data with tcpdump for viewing with Wireshark. To ensure that you capture complete packets, use the following command:

tcpdump -i <interface> -s 65535 -w <some-file>

tcpdump fu article introduces some of the basics of packet capture and provide a breakdown of tcpdump syntax and usage. Manual page of tcpdump lists you all the command line options you can use.

If you are embedded Linux system developer, remember that you can easily fit the tcpdump program inside a small embedded Linux system without too much problem (which is not the case with Wireshark, because it is a huge program that needs GUI and has many dependencies).


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