Credit card fraud is a wide-ranging term for theft and fraud committed using a credit card or any similar payment mechanism as a fraudulent source of funds in a transaction. The fraud begins with either the theft of the physical card or the compromise of data associated with the account (card account number and/or verification codes).
Skimming is the theft of credit card information used in an otherwise legitimate transaction. Instances of skimming have been reported where the perpetrator has put a device over the card slot of an ATM (automated teller machine), which reads the magnetic strip as the user unknowingly passes their card through it. Technology needed to read the contents of the magnetic strip is pretty simple. Usually a miniature camera or fake keypad over original is used to read the user’s PIN at the same time. Skimming is usually very difficult for the typical cardholder to detect. All About Skimmers article series is about ATM skimmers, gas pump skimmers and other related fraud devices.
Skimming has been on news in Finland lately. Police has revealed some details of the hard to detect skimming devices that have been found installed on tens of ATM devices around Finland. Articles Ovela huijaus Otto-automaateilla – huomaatko eron kuvissa?, Kummassa pankkiautomaatissa on huijauslaite? and Skimmaajat teettivät erikoislaitteita Suomen oloihin show you pictures of ATM with and without skimming device. These device custom made for Finnish ATMs are really hard to detect. According to articles thousands of ATM card have been compromised and used to steal several hundreds thousand euros. Look carefully next time you use ATM.
Throughout Europe the traditional in-store credit card signing process is increasingly being replaced with a system in which the customer is asked to enter their PIN instead of signing. PINs were widely introduced at the same time as EMV chips on the cards. In Finland the PIN codes that comes with the card are predefined by card issuer. In some countries with some banks the customer can freely choose them. Security of Self-Selected PINs Is Lacking article tells that Cambridge University Computer Laboratory team collected statistics on how people choose banking PINs when they are permitted to select their own keys. There is every incentive for the bad guys to try guessing PINs on every card that they steal. “A thief can expect to get lucky every 18th wallet — except for those banks which negligently allow their customers to choose really dumb PINs like 1111 and 1234″. Their report traces an idiosyncratic history of the use of passwords by financial institutions. The researchers wrote that there were two lessons to be drawn from their study. First, customers should never use date of birth as a PIN or password. Second, banks should institute blacklists of common passwords, or prohibit user selection of passwords entirely.
Proximity payments are coming. Pay-by-wave: At least it’s better than being mugged article tell that the public thinks that paying with a tap of the phone is risky, with criminals able to intercept and steal credentials, so it seems a good time to take a closer look at proximity payments. Today’s proximity payment systems are based on the NFC standard, which uses a radio connection at 13.56MHz for short-range peer-to-peer communications. The same frequency is used by RFID tags, in a simplistic way, but NFC is a good deal more complicated, and expensive. Proximity payments are implemented in smartphones and contactless credit cards.
Hacker’s Demo Shows How Easily Credit Cards Can Be Read Through Clothes And Wallets article tells that contactless cards are far more common than they might seem: According to the Smart Card Association, about 100 million of the RFID-enabled cards are in circulation. Visa calls its technology payWave, MasterCard dubs it PayPass, Discover brands it Zip, and American Express calls it ExpressPay.
Hacker’s Demo Shows How Easily Credit Cards Can Be Read Through Clothes And Wallets and Shmoocon Demo Shows Easy, Wireless Credit Card Fraud articles tell that some contacless cards have serious security holes. Paget, a well-known security researcher for the consultancy Recursion Ventures, used a simple method for her hack: impersonating a legitimate contactless point-of-sale terminal with her own RFID card reader. Commercially-available RFID reader can read the data from a contactless card as easily as a store’s point-of-sale device does. With a Vivotech RFID credit card reader she bought on eBay for $50, Paget wirelessly read a volunteer’s credit card onstage and obtained the card’s number and expiration date, along with the one-time CVV number used by contactless cards to authenticate payments. She flashed the volunteer’s credit card number on a screen in front of an audience of hundreds of hackers and security researchers. “You were planning on cancelling that card, weren’t you?”. A second later, she used a $300 card-magnetizing tool to encode that data onto a blank card. And then, with a Square attachment for the iPhone that allows anyone to swipe a card and receive payments, she paid herself $15 of the volunteer’s money with the counterfeit card she’d just created. Paget’s firm has been working on a credit-card-shaped protection device known as GuardBunny that sits in a wallet alongside payment cards and blocks any would-be RFID fraudster. So it sound like this hacking demonstration was just a marketing gimmick for their product.
Randy Vanderhoof, executive director of the industry group the Smart Card Alliance, points out that despite previous research on the contactless attack, no real-world instances of the fraud have ever been reported. To fight against fraud contactless cards do offer one security feature traditional cards don’t: Along with the card’s 16-digit number and expiration date, the cards are set to offer up a one-time CVV code with every scan. Those codes can only be used for one transaction, and have to used in the order they’re generated. If a payment processor detects multiple transactions with the same code or even codes being used to make transactions in the wrong order, it will disable the card. So a contactless card scammer can only use each stolen number once.
According to a smart card expert I know Square and card issuer bank is also to blame on that this worked (and would not work with European banks and other payment services). Also the sum was so low that the payment company might not do all the check it does for bigger sums of money. In card where things are built well, there is different card number for normal swipe card use and contactless operation. The contactless number would fail to work if you try to pay with their code on the terminal that swipes the card. So the security holes are not as big and bad as it seems based on those hacking news.
Google launches credit card in UK
Business-only Barclaycard-in-disguise will encourage AdWords purchase
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/10/08/google_launches_credit_card_in_uk/
Mysterious Algorithm Was 4% of Trading Activity Last Week
http://www.cnbc.com/id/49333454
A single mysterious computer program that placed orders — and then subsequently canceled them — made up 4 percent of all quote traffic in the U.S. stock market last week, according to the top tracker of high-frequency trading activity. The motive of the algorithm is still unclear.
The program placed orders in 25-millisecond bursts involving about 500 stocks, according to Nanex, a market data firm. The algorithm never executed a single trade, and it abruptly ended at about 10:30 a.m. ET Friday.
“Just goes to show you how just one person can have such an outsized impact on the market,”
“My guess is that the algo was testing the market, as high-frequency frequently does,”
Translation: The ultimate goal of many of these programs is to gum up the system so it slows down the quote feed to others and allows the computer traders (with their co-located servers at the exchanges) to gain a money-making arbitrage opportunity.
The scariest part of this single program was that its millions of quotes accounted for 10 percent of the bandwidth that is allowed for trading on any given day, according to Nanex. (The size of the bandwidth pipe is determined by a group made up of the exchanges called the Consolidated Quote System.)
Hunsader warned that regulators better do something fast, speculating that this single program could have led to something very bad if big news broke, or if a sell-off occurred and one entity was hogging this much of the system.
Configurable RFID tag from 7400 logic chips
http://hackaday.com/2012/10/12/configurable-rfid-tag-from-7400-logic-chips/
This soldering nightmare is a configurable RFID tag which has been built from 7400-series logic chips. The beast of a project results in an iPhone-sized module which can be used as your new access card for security systems that uses the 125 kHz tags. The best part is that a series of switches makes the tag hand programmable, albeit in binary.
MasterCard rolls out credit card with display and keypad
http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-57546761-1/mastercard-rolls-out-credit-card-with-display-and-keypad/
The next-generation 2-in-1 card features an embedded LCD display and touch-sensitive buttons for generating one-time passwords.
Next time you get a new card from your bank, don’t be surprised if it has a keypad and an LCD on it.
Meet MasterCard’s new “Display Card,” which basically combines the usual credit/debit or ATM card with an authentication token. The authentication portion features a touch-sensitive keypad and LCD display — hence the name “Display Card” — for reflecting a one-time password (OTP).
Yet, according to MasterCard, the Display Card looks and functions almost exactly like a regular credit, debit, or ATM card.
Besides generating OTPs, the Display Card may in the future be able to show your available credit balance, reward points, or even recent transactions.
Big banks have suffered continuous attacks
Large American banks are constantly under cyber attacks. This said U.S. Napolitano said that the attackers steal money from banks and data, but he refused to reveal further details.
Last month the continuing denial of service attacks have disrupted several major banks, including Wells Fargo, Bank of America and JPMorgan Chase. In addition to that criminals try to get online banking user names and passwords using malware.
In whole world banks use 25 billion dollars security every year. Research firm IDC estimates that banks data security consuming will increase every year 7-9 percent.
Source: http://www.tietoviikko.fi/kaikki_uutiset/isot+pankit+karsivat+jatkuvista+hyokkayksista/a854448?s=r&wtm=tietoviikko/-09112012&
How to secure your wireless network from the top 3 mobile payment threats
http://www.eetimes.com/design/embedded-internet-design/4401107/How-to-secure-your-wireless-network-from-the-top-3-mobile-payment-threats?Ecosystem=communications-design
How consumers pay for products and services evolves just as rapidly as the products and services they’re paying for. Case in point: mobile payments, the combination of payment cards and wireless technology that facilitates monetary transactions. Mobile payments can reduce transaction costs for buyers and sellers, and reduce the costs of circulating a cash supply – hence the growing popularity. However, this new payment technology presents many security challenges that must be addressed by merchants to keep customer data safe.
It’s not just goodwill driving security initiatives for payment technology, compliance with the Payment Card Industry’s Data Security Standards (PCI DSS) mandates that organization protect consumers. PCI DSS applies to any organization that stores, processes, or transmits cardholder data, and consists of a minimum set of security requirements and testing procedures designed to encourage and enhance cardholder data security.
Merchants in violation of PCI DSS can face hefty fines from payment brands (e.g., American Express, MasterCard, and VISA) and even lose the ability to process payment cards for goods and services.
Further, if adequate safeguards are not followed to meet PCI standards, consumers may perceive that payment card information is at risk and choose not to use a merchant’s infrastructure. If people lose faith in the security of a payment system, they will stop using it and the system will eventually become useless.
Today, there are three main types of threats that attackers use to capture and exploit mobile payment cardholder data. Fortunately, with a strong wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS), merchants can detect and combat these threats and keep themselves and customers safe. Here are the top 3 most frequent and dangerous attacks and what merchants can do to protect their wireless LAN (WLAN) network:
1) DoS Attacks on WLANs
Combatting WLAN DoS attacks: Organizations can deploy wireless intrusion protection systems that monitor and detect critical intrusions
2) Skimming Cardholder Data
Detecting if cardholder data is being skimmed: Like many Wi-Fi devices, Bluetooth is a networking protocol that operates in the 2.4 GHz band. Although it is difficult for WIDS/WIPS to identify Bluetooth transmissions in the WLAN, its presence creates RF channel noise. By tracking the noise level for RF channels, WIDS/WIPS can identify channels with sustained, high levels of noise.
3) Unauthorized Devices on WLANs
Identifying and protecting WLAN from unauthorized devices: To identify unauthorized and rouge devices, organizations need to be vigilant and monitor the wireless network for unauthorized POSTs, access points, and wireless clients. This is best accomplished with a wireless intrusion prevention system.
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Taiwan Easycard: Risks and rewards of your life on one card
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-21410362
Beep, and a smart card gets you on a bus.
Beep, and the same card opens your office door. Beep, and you buy your coffee at a corner shop. Beep, you pay for parking, open the exit gate. Beep, check out a library book.
Beep. Beep. Beep. At school or university, the card becomes your ID.
As Taiwan’s capital, Taipei, wakes and the sunlight strikes its skyscrapers, the members of one family make sure their wallets contain one important thing – Easycard.
“We really can’t go about without it, all our life depends on it,”
Taiwan introduced its smart card – equipped with radio frequency identification (RFID) tag – in 2002, following the examples of Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore.
Taiwan, pupil Students in many Taipei schools have ID cards integrated with Easycard
“Your daughter is safely at school,” reads a text message sent to Mrs Tsai.
As soon as Chelsea touches her Easycard to a sensor at the entrance to the school, her mother receives a message.
So how does it feel – being able to control so many aspects of your life with just one card?
“It’s convenient – this way we don’t have such a fat wallet,” says Mr Huang.
The first generation of the card is the most popular – with nine million cards actively used every year – and it stores no personal information, says Mr Chang.
When the owner registers the card, his or her name is encrypted and stored in a centralised back-end system – not on the card itself.
But there are also privacy concerns, says Prof Shey-shi Lu, of National Taiwan University.
In a couple of years, says Mr Chang, you might need just one card to travel around Asia.
Need Bitcoins? This ATM takes dollars and funds your account
http://news.cnet.com/8301-13578_3-57570925-38/need-bitcoins-this-atm-takes-dollars-and-funds-your-account/
New Hampshire entrepreneurs have created a dollar-converting anonymous Bitcoin ATM, which they hope to sell to bars, restaurants, and other retail locations nationwide.
Zach Harvey has an ambitious plan to accelerate adoption of the Internet’s favorite alternative currency: installing in thousands of bars, restaurants, and grocery stores ATMs that will let you buy Bitcoins anonymously.
It’s the opposite of a traditional automated teller that dispenses currency. Instead, these Bitcoin ATMs will accept dollar bills — using the same validation mechanism as vending machines — and instantly convert the amount to Bitcoins and deposit the result in your account.
“It’s even easier than just using a regular ATM,”
“If we made these machines somewhere around $1,000 to $1,500 each, depending on the commission, they could be able to buy this and make it back within a reasonable period of time,” Harvey says.
Bitcoin has gradually increased in popularity since it appeared in 2009, with WordPress saying last fall that it would accept it as a payment method, and a handful of retail businesses, including Cups and Cakes Bakery in San Francisco, following suit. The exchange rate now hovers around US$30 a coin, and about $300 million is in circulation.
Unlike modern currency, which can be brought into existence at the whim of politicians or a central bank, leading to each note being devalued, the number of Bitcoins is governed by predictable mathematical algorithms. That’s made Bitcoin popular among libertarians and other activists skeptical of the Federal Reserve
Coinstar coin-counting machines are now also PayPal ATMs
http://www.theverge.com/2013/2/27/4035820/coinstar-coin-counting-machines-integrate-paypal-send-money
Coinstar kiosks just got a major upgrade — the machines now allow customers to withdraw money from their PayPal accounts and send money to other PayPal users. Additionally, Coinstar can now add cash and coins directly to PayPal, meaning there’s no need to involve credit cards or bank accounts as you ditch your physical currency.
Retailer Sues Visa Over $13 Million ‘Fine’ for Being Hacked
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/03/genesco-sues-visa/
A sports apparel retailer is fighting back against the arbitrary multi-million-dollar penalties that credit card companies impose on banks and merchants for data breaches by filing a first-of-its-kind $13 million lawsuit against Visa.
The suit takes on the payment card industry’s powerful money-making system of punishing merchants and their banks for breaches, even without evidence that card data was stolen. It accuses Visa of levying legally unenforceable penalties that masquerade as fines and unsupported damages and also accuses Visa of breaching its own contracts with the banks, failing to follow its own rules and procedures for levying penalties and engaging in unfair business practices under California law, where Visa is based.
It’s the first known case to challenge card companies over the self-regulated PCI security standards — a system that requires businesses accepting credit and debit card payments to implement a series of technological steps to secure card data. The controversial system, imposed on merchants by credit card companies like Visa and MasterCard, has been called a “near scam” by a spokesman for the National Retail Federation and others who say it’s designed less to secure card data than to profit credit card companies while giving them executive powers of punishment through a mandated compliance system that has no oversight.
Article in Finnish:
Kauppojen verkot vuotavat – luottokorttitietoja vääriin käsiin
http://www.3t.fi/artikkeli/uutiset/talous/kauppojen_verkot_vuotavat_luottokorttitietoja_vaariin_kasiin
BitCoin Prices already dropped from $145 USD to $112.00 USD so far Today,
for inside on the BitCoin market visit – http://btcinvestment.org
Bitcoin isn’t illegal because it isn’t real money
http://www.extremetech.com/internet/152349-bitcoin-isnt-illegal-because-it-isnt-real-money
As it falls in and out of public view, Bitcoin is once again all the rage.
Bitcoin comes and goes, generally in relation to its value. Currently, one Bitcoin (BTC) is worth quite a bit of actual money, sitting pretty at $92. Once upon a time — just three years ago — it famously took 10,000 BTC to buy $25 worth of pizza. However, while the actual current value is a new height, the rise of the peer-to-peer cryptocurrency is not.
In what will no doubt anger some fans of the digital currency, financial services lawyer Dan Friedberg says it’s because the government doesn’t view Bitcoin as a real currency. Zing.
Friedberg explained to Business Insider that Bitcoin is considered a virtual currency rather than actual legal tender, and “lacks all the real attributes of real currency,” so why would the government care about that?
There are a few factors as to why the government hasn’t made Bitcoin illegal, nor seems to care that much about it at the moment. Basically, Bitcoin is small potatoes. Sure, Bitcoin was recently valued at around one billion dollars, but compared to the estimated $1.18 trillion of US currency in circulation, Bitcoin is barely a blip on the country’s economic radar
One thing is for certain, though: The government doesn’t view Bitcoin as legal tender, and instead classifies it as a virtual currency.
Mozilla Moves Ahead With Its Plans For A Common Web API For Payments
http://techcrunch.com/2013/04/04/mozilla-moves-ahead-with-its-plans-for-a-common-web-api-for-payments/
Mozilla is working with payment vendors and the W3C standards body to create a common API to make online payments, both on desktop and mobile, easier and more secure. To get this process going, Mozilla has implemented a new and experimental JavaScript API into its new Firefox OS for smartphones that will eventually allow web apps to accept payments. Mozilla argues that having a common API for handling payments that can be integrated with multiple payment vendors will open up new business models for developers and publishers.
This new API, navigator.mozPay(), Mozilla says, was inspired by Google’s Wallet for Digital Goods API and will ship in Firefox OS first and then be added to Firefox for Android and desktop Firefox later.
Bitcoin Utopia? Interest Is Sky High in This Euro Nation
http://www.cnbc.com/id/100618694
Interest in bitcoins has reached fever pitch around the world in the last month, helping the price soar to an all-time high earlier this week. But there’s one euro zone country that’s firmly tuned into the zeitgeist more so than even the U.S. or Japan.
According to Google Trends, Finland is the country with the most number of Google searches for the word “bitcoin” in the past 12 months.
“Finland has a very strong geek culture and tradition, DIY-culture and can-do attitude. Many digital innovations, like IRC (Internet Relay Chat), Linux and SSH (Communications Security Corporation) are developed in Finland,” Vesa Linja-aho, an engineering and economics lecturer at a Helsinki university told CNBC.com.
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Iterations: How Five Real Economists Think About Bitcoin’s Future
http://techcrunch.com/2013/04/14/iterations-how-five-real-economists-think-about-bitcoins-future/
There isn’t just a bubble in the Bitcoin economy, there’s a bubble in the number of posts about Bitcoin.
Perhaps that’s part of the reason this phenomenon is so fascinating to us all.
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Smartphones easily used to skim credit card data
Popular smartphone and free app used to get data from chip-enabled debit or credit cards
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/story/2013/04/23/mb-smartphones-skimmer-credit-card-winnipeg.html
A technology designed to make it easier to pay with your credit card may be putting Canadians at risk of fraud and identity theft, security and privacy experts warn.
Many new credit and debit cards come with chips that allow customers to tap the card to make a purchase.
But CBC News has found out those chips can also be read with a device millions of Canadians carry with them every day — a smartphone.
Using a Samsung Galaxy SIII — one of the most popular smartphones available in Canada — and a free app downloaded from the Google Play store, CBC was able to read information such as a card number, expiry date and cardholder name simply by holding the smartphone over a debit or credit card.
And it could be done through wallets, pockets and purses.
‘Impressive and scary’
The app used the near field communication (NFC) antenna built into the Galaxy SIII phone, a feature available on many phones running Google’s Android operating system. The antenna is normally used to allow two phones to talk to each other.
Michael Legary said his company, Seccuris Inc., has investigated cases where phones paired with these apps were used to commit credit card fraud, and said the information read can be used to buy “anything from a $1.50 drink from a machine to a $4,000 to $5,000 laptop.”
Although the NFC antennas in current smartphones need to be very close to a card in order to work — no farther than 10 centimetres — that could change with the next generation of Android smartphones.
The technology also has privacy experts concerned.
Credit card companies react
Officials with Visa and MasterCard said they were confident in the security their cards provided, but would cover a customer’s losses should someone steal cardholder information.
“Multiple layers of security and advanced fraud detection technologies that protect every Visa transaction have helped keep Visa’s global fraud rates near historic lows,” Visa Canada said in an emailed statement.
“In fact, there have been no reports of fraud perpetrated by reading Visa payWave cards as shown by [CBC].”
ATM hackers steal $45m from banks across the world in a matter of hours
Lack of chip and pin in the US was to blame, says Kaspersky
http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2267430/atm-hackers-steal-usd45m-from-banks-across-the-world-in-a-matter-of-hours
A GLOBAL MOB of hackers stole $45 million from thousands of ATMs in a matter of hours in the second cyber heist of its kind, authorities in New York have said.
“These defendants allegedly formed the New York-based cell of an international cybercrime organisation that used sophisticated intrusion techniques to hack into the systems of global financial institutions, steal prepaid debit card data, and eliminate withdrawal limits,” the US Attorney’s office said.
“The eight indicted defendants and their co-conspirators targeted New York City and withdrew approximately $2.8 million in a matter of hours.”
Kaspersky Lab’s director of global research and analysis Costin Raiu explained that the cybercriminals were able to commit the “biggest and quickest thefts we have seen” by replicating real cards with blank cards through programming the magnetic stripe.
Raiu said this is a major problem in the US at the moment because the insecure magnetic stripe is still used when making payments and bank withdrawals with cards, whereas this has been mostly abandoned everywhere in Europe and replaced by the more secure chip and pin security.
Cyber caper: behind the scenes of the $45 million global ATM heist
http://www.theverge.com/2013/5/13/4326336/cyber-caper-behind-the-scenes-of-the-45-million-atm-heist
Hackers coordinated with cells on the ground to carry out a precise, sophisticated attack
The man in the black beanie was part of a sophisticated “Unlimited Operation,” according to prosecutors in New York. Hackers allegedly broke into the computer systems of at least two credit card processing companies, stole prepaid debit card account numbers and programmed them with astronomical balances. Normally, prepaid debit cards are capped according to how much the customer paid for the card; the hackers essentially created infinite cards.
Heist-300-1
Map of Reyes’ alleged route withdrawing money from ATMs on February 19th. The numbers indicate the ATM cameras that allegedly captured him, in order. Source: US Attorney, Eastern District of New York
The account numbers were then emailed or texted to accomplices on the ground, who used a device called a “skimmer” to encode the account numbers onto the magnetic stripes of dummy cards. The groundlings then went on a withdrawal spree, hitting as many ATMs as they could in a matter of hours, while the hackers watched the transactions from behind remote screens, in real time. Between two tightly-coordinated heists, the shadowy criminal ring netted nearly $45 million in cash.
“The cyberattacks employed by the defendants and their co-conspirators in this case are known in the cyber underworld as ‘Unlimited Operations,’”
“They became a virtual criminal flash mob, going from machine to machine, drawing as much money as they could, before these accounts were shut down,” US attorney Loretta Lynch said at a press conference.
The hackers targeted specific financial service providers, according to the indictment, suggesting that they were aware of some security vulnerability.
This isn’t the first time hackers have ripped off ATMs for millions of dollars. Cyberattacks have resulted in hackers taking $2 million from European ATMs in 46 cities and tens of millions of dollars were stolen from 12 European banks just in the last year, according to research by Symantec.
The vulnerability that led to the hacks appears to have something to do with the complicated, fragmented system that relies on many providers to get customers cash on demand.
“There’s an increasing sophistication,”
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