a team of researchers from Germany’s RWTH Aachen University have developed a novel new visual programming system called Flowboard.

Flowboard is designed to test whether a new way of thinking about embedded programming can be beneficial to some people.

Flowboard consists of an Arduino, an Apple iPad Pro, two breadboards, and a frame to house those components. It’s designed to be used with a custom visual flow-based programming app that runs on the iPad.

https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=3290607.3313247

EduBlocks brings a Scratch-like GUI to writing Python 3 code.

Integrate Blockly@rduino in IDE like a tool, compile and upload through Arduino IDE, totally graphic way.

Afraid of Programming in Code? Try Scratch For Arduino
https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/afraid-programming-code-try-scratch-arduino/

With Experimental Extensions, you can create Scratch projects that connect with external hardware (such as electronic devices and robotics) and online resources (including web data and web services).

Scratch is a very easy to use and learn language designed by the MIT Media Lab mainly intended to introduce programming to children aged 7-16.

An Arduino extension is available on ScratchX, a Scratch sister site hosting experimental extensions. See the instructions for the experimental Arduino extension for Scratch.

Scratch Arduino Extension
http://khanning.github.io/scratch-arduino-extension/

S4A is a Scratch modification that allows for simple programming of the Arduino open source hardware platform. It provides new blocks for managing sensors and actuators connected to Arduino.

he main aim of the project is attracting people to the programming world. The goal is also to provide a high level interface to Arduino programmers with functionalities such as interacting with a set of boards through user events.

Arduino objects offer blocks for the basic microcontroller functionalities, analog and digital writes and reads, and also for higher level ones. You can find blocks to manage standard and continuous rotation servomotors

In S4A, an Arduino board is represented by a special kind of sprite. The Arduino sprite will automatically find the usb port where the board is connected.

It is possible to connect to multiple boards at the same time by just adding a new Arduino sprite.

S4A works with Arduino Diecimila, Duemilanove and Uno.

S4A allows for 6 analog inputs (analog pins), 2 digital inputs (digital pins 2 and 3), 3 analog outputs (digital pins 5, 6 and 9), 3 digital outputs (pins 10, 11 and 13) and 4 special outputs to connect Parallax continuous rotation servomotors (digital pins 4, 7, 8 and 12).

You can manage a board wirelessly by attaching an RF module to it, such as Xbee.

S4A allows you to control as many boards as USB ports you have.

S4A is backwards compatible with Scratch, so you can open Scratch projects in it.

S4A interacts with Arduino by sending the actuator states and receiving sensor states every 75 ms, therefore the pulse width needs to be greater than this time period. The data exchange follows the PicoBoard protocol and needs a specific program (firmware) to be installed in the board.

Scratch for XBOT
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=air.com.scratchxbot.android.app

mBlock
is a graphical programming environment based on Scratch Open Source Code that makes it easy to program Arduino projects and create interactive.