Innovation is about finding a better way of doing something. Like many of the new development buzzwords (which many of them are over-used on many business documents), the concept of innovation originates from the world of business. It refers to the generation of new products through the process of creative entrepreneurship, putting it into production, and diffusing it more widely through increased sales. Innovation can be viewed as t he application of better solutions that meet new requirements, in-articulated needs, or existing market needs. This is accomplished through more effective products, processes, services, technologies, or ideas that are readily available to markets, governments and society. The term innovation can be defined as something original and, as a consequence, new, that “breaks into” the market or society.
Innoveracy: Misunderstanding Innovation article points out that there is a form of ignorance which seems to be universal: the inability to understand the concept and role of innovation. The way this is exhibited is in the misuse of the term and the inability to discern the difference between novelty, creation, invention and innovation. The result is a failure to understand the causes of success and failure in business and hence the conditions that lead to economic growth. The definition of innovation is easy to find but it seems to be hard to understand. Here is a simple taxonomy of related activities that put innovation in context:
- Novelty: Something new
- Creation: Something new and valuable
- Invention: Something new, having potential value through utility
- Innovation: Something new and uniquely useful
The taxonomy is illustrated with the following diagram.
The differences are also evident in the mechanisms that exist to protect the works: Novelties are usually not protectable, Creations are protected by copyright or trademark, Inventions can be protected for a limited time through patents (or kept secret) and Innovations can be protected through market competition but are not defensible through legal means.
Innovation is a lot of talked about nowdays as essential to businesses to do. Is innovation essential for development work? article tells that innovation has become central to the way development organisations go about their work. In November 2011, Bill Gates told the G20 that innovation was the key to development. Donors increasingly stress innovation as a key condition for funding, and many civil society organisations emphasise that innovation is central to the work they do.
Some innovation ideas are pretty simple, and some are much more complicated and even sound crazy when heard first. The is place for crazy sounding ideas: venture capitalists are gravely concerned that the tech startups they’re investing in just aren’t crazy enough:
Not all development problems require new solutions, sometimes you just need to use old things in a slightly new way. Development innovations may involve devising technology (such as a nanotech water treatment kit), creating a new approach (such as microfinance), finding a better way of delivering public services (such as one-stop egovernment service centres), identifying ways of working with communities (such as participation), or generating a management technique (such as organisation learning).
Theorists of innovation identify innovation itself as a brief moment of creativity, to be followed by the main routine work of producing and selling the innovation. When it comes to development, things are more complicated. Innovation needs to be viewed as tool, not master. Innovation is a process, not a one time event. Genuine innovation is valuable but rare.
There are many views on the innovation and innvation process. I try to collect together there some views I have found on-line. Hopefully they help you more than confuze. Managing complexity and reducing risk article has this drawing which I think pretty well describes innovation as done in product development:
8 essential practices of successful innovation from The Innovator’s Way shows essential practices in innovation process. Those practices are all integrated into a non-sequential, coherent whole and style in the person of the innovator.
In the IT work there is lots of work where a little thinking can be a source of innovation. Automating IT processes can be a huge time saver or it can fail depending on situation. XKCD comic strip Automation as illustrates this:
System integration is a critical element in project design article has an interesting project cost influence graphic. The recommendation is to involve a system integrator early in project design to help ensure high-quality projects that satisfy project requirements. Of course this article tries to market system integration services, but has also valid points to consider.
Core Contributor Loop (CTTDC) from Art Journal blog posting Blog Is The New Black tries to link inventing an idea to theory of entrepreneurship. It is essential to tune the engine by making improvements in product, marketing, code, design and operations.
4,506 Comments
Tomi Engdahl says:
I wrote the book on user-friendly design. What I see today horrifies me
https://www.fastcompany.com/90338379/i-wrote-the-book-on-user-friendly-design-what-i-see-today-horrifies-me?utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com
The world is designed against the elderly, writes Don Norman, 83-year-old author of the industry bible Design of Everyday Things and a former Apple VP.
Tomi Engdahl says:
MARY SPENDER SAYS YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE THE WORST GUITAR PLAYER IN THE ROOM
https://guitar.com/features/interviews/mary-spender-youtube-interview/
The best advice I’ve ever been given…
“Always be the worst player in the room. I learnt that from studying classical music. If you want to improve, you need to be challenged, so sit with players that are levels above you and you’ll learn a lot.”
Tomi Engdahl says:
How I built a nuclear reactor at the age of 13 | Jamie Edwards | TEDxCERN
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tAsHGFA-74
What does it take to build a nuclear reactor? Jamie Edwards started out on his journey at age 13 to beat Taylor Wilson’s record of being the youngest person to achieve nuclear fusion. He tells of the obstacles he faced as a young schoolboy while trying to achieve his dream, such as trying to convince his headmaster to order deuterium on ebay.
At 13 years old, Jamie Edwards attempted to become the youngest person ever to achieve nuclear fusion by colliding the nuclei of hydrogen atoms via inertial electrostatic confinement in his school lab. When Jamie told his headmaster about his plan to build the nuclear reactor and asked for funding, the reply was “Will it blow up the school?” Jamie got the funding, and rest assured, the school still stands. For his next project, Jamie – who wants to be a nuclear engineer or work in theoretical physics – has his sights on building a miniature hadron collider. He’s now 14 years old.
Tomi Engdahl says:
3 tehokasta brainstorming-tekniikkaa: näin vauhditat tiimin luovaa ideointia
https://grapevine.fi/3-tehokasta-brainstorming-tekniikkaa-nain-vauhditat-tiimin-luovaa-ideointia/
“Idea on kalleinta, mitä maailmasta löytyy”, sanoi Steve Jobs aikoinaan.
Ideoiden synnyttämiseen, kirkastamiseen ja validointiin kannattaa panostaa toimialasta ja toimenkuvasta riippumatta. Yksi suosituimpia keinoja luovaan ideointiin ovat erilaiset porukalla tehtävät brainstorming-sessiot, joiden aikana ideoita pyritään keksimään sekä yksin että yhdessä. Ja ei – brainstormingilla en nyt tarkoita sitä, että katetaan neukkariin viineri- ja kahvitarjoilu, kutsutaan mukaan +20 ihmistä ja käsketään heitä ideoimaan “jotain timanttista ja viraaliksi menevää”.
Tomi Engdahl says:
UPS gets FAA approval to operate an entire drone delivery airline
https://techcrunch.com/2019/10/01/ups-gets-faa-approval-to-operate-an-entire-drone-delivery-airline/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Intuition Is The Highest Form Of Intelligence
https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucekasanoff/2017/02/21/intuition-is-the-highest-form-of-intelligence/
Intuition, argues Gerd Gigerenzer, a director at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, is less about suddenly “knowing” the right answer and more about instinctively understanding what information is unimportant and can thus be discarded.
Tomi Engdahl says:
DESIGN SYSTEMS & VERSION CONTROL – SAVING YOUR PROJECT FROM CHAOS
https://blog.taiste.fi/en/design-systems-and-version-control
Tomi Engdahl says:
Girls vs. Boys: Brain Differences Might Explain Tech Behaviors
https://www.wsj.com/articles/girls-vs-boys-brain-differences-might-explain-tech-behaviors-11569317402
Recent research shows the brain’s rewards regions activate when males crave videogames, girls face more depression when overusing social media
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://blog.taiste.fi/en/evaluating-technologies-when-to-jump-aboard-and-when-to-ignore
Tomi Engdahl says:
Turning science into business is about recognising opportunity
https://horizon-magazine.eu/article/turning-science-business-about-recognising-opportunity.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
How To Be Highly Successful And Unstoppable
https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackkelly/2018/05/23/how-to-be-highly-successful-and-unstoppable/
Tomi Engdahl says:
If it’s stupid, but it works, it might actually be genius.
Tomi Engdahl says:
If it looks stupid and works it’s not Stupid
- it’s the first step of thinking and that’s Engineering
Tomi Engdahl says:
Charmin made a massive toilet-paper roll for millennials that lasts up to 3 months, and it wasn’t big enough for them
https://www.businessinsider.com/charmins-toilet-paper-roll-for-millennials-gets-bigger-2019-10?utm_content=buffer56339&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer-insider-main&r=US&IR=T
Tomi Engdahl says:
A Canadian Company Has Created An Incredible Invisibility Shield
https://www.iflscience.com/technology/a-canadian-company-has-created-an-incredible-invisibility-shield/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Finally, An Electric Crate Motor You Can Drop Into Your Old Car
https://jalopnik.com/finally-an-electric-crate-motor-you-can-drop-into-your-1839168140
Tomi Engdahl says:
Traffic lights worldwide set to change after Swedish engineer saw red over getting a ticket
Mats Järlström’s fight shows you never cross an engineer
https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/10/21/traffic_lights_changed/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=facebook
Tomi Engdahl says:
Mainstream opinion seems to be in favor of being a generalist over a specialist, but does that hold true for engineers?
https://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/tech-careers/are-engineers-who-specialize-more-successful
Tomi Engdahl says:
The Young Engineers Guide To Career Planning
https://hackaday.com/2019/10/28/the-young-engineers-guide-to-career-planning/
Tomi Engdahl says:
When STEM Becomes STEAM, We Can Change The Game
https://www.forbes.com/sites/taliamilgromelcott/2019/11/07/when-stem-becomes-steam-we-can-change-the-game/
We need all kids to have the STEM skills and agency to become the problem solvers our world needs them to be. Our role as educators is to open as many doors as possible for students to get excited about learning and, specifically, STEM. Yet implicit bias and other structural impediments mean that we open fewer doors to girls, students of color and kids from low-income and rural communities. When they don’t engage deeply in STEM, we all lose.
When we start to look, natural overlaps and places of connection between the arts and STEM are everywhere – and always have been.
“The arts allow us to expand ways of knowing and learning to inspire more learners,” said Tara Henderson, Explora’s Director of School and Community Programs, drawing from the expertise and experience of her whole team. “An art-inclusive approach to STEM strengthens creativity and ingenuity in all areas,” she added.
This union of design, art and STEM is alive and well at the Bay Area Discovery Museum: “At the Bay Area Discovery Museum, all of our arts programs have a specific link to STEM thinking and intentionally engage children in the design thinking process and emphasize creative problem solving,”
These examples speak to how art can spark an excitement about learning that goes beyond the artistic to embrace science, math, technology, and engineering.
“When we think about STEAM learning, we’re really thinking about the wide range of skills students need in a changing world,” she said. “With STEAM, students naturally see the endless possibilities and intersection points as they choose – even create – their own career paths.”
Tomi Engdahl says:
How To Help Your Employees Improve Their Problem Solving Skills
https://www.forbes.com/sites/raquelbaldelomar/2017/11/29/how-to-help-your-employees-improve-their-problem-solving-skills/?utm_source=FACEBOOK&utm_medium=social&utm_term=Malorie/#178ca19e603f
Tomi Engdahl says:
Dutch Bicycle Company Disguises Their Shipments as Flat Screen Televisions to Avoid Shipping Damage
https://laughingsquid.com/bicycle-company-hides-shipments-as-tv-boxes/
Ties had a flash of genius. Our boxes are about the same size as a (really really reaaaally massive) flatscreen television. Flatscreen televisions always arrive in perfect condition. What if we just printed a flatscreen television on the side of our boxes? And just like that, shipping damage to our bikes dropped by 70–80%
Tomi Engdahl says:
Scientists discover how to ‘upload knowledge to your brain’
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/03/01/scientists-discover-how-to-download-knowledge-to-your-brain/
Researchers claim to have developed a simulator which can feed information directly into a person’s brain and teach them new skills in a shorter amount of time, comparing it to “life imitating art”.
They believe it could be the first steps in developing advanced software that will make Matrix-style instant learning a reality.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Jack Ma: This is what to study if you want a high-paying job in the future
https://www.cnbc.com/2017/06/21/jack-ma-this-is-what-to-study-if-you-want-a-good-job-in-the-future.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Cognitive diversity is the best way to create the highest collective intelligence
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/07/different-kinds-of-thinking-make-teams-smarter
To create the best collaboration in a work group, organizations should strike the right balance of different cognitive styles among the participants, according to a new study.
In the study, researchers found that participants had to have just the right mix of cognitive diversity to create the highest collective intelligence.
The ideal mix follows “the Goldilocks principle: Not too little (diversity), and not too much. You want it just right,”
When not enough diversity exists within a group, it stagnates, while too much diversity can create gaps that participants are unable to bridge, Woolley says.
“Up to a point, they benefit from the different perspectives, but then the difficulties outweigh the benefits,” she says.
The study labeled participants according to three different cognitive styles: Verbalizers, spatial visualizers, and object visualizers, which describe how the people receive and analyze information. Journalists and lawyers tend to be verbalizers; engineers and people in other math-driven professions are spatial visualizers, who think analytically; and artists are object visualizers, who tend to think about the bigger picture.
Woolley says some people will straddle two categories, and they tend to be group facilitators.
Savvy organizations are getting better at understanding the qualities of employees that contribute to effective collaboration, Woolley says. They might assign a color to each cognitive style—for example, red for a verbalizer, blue for a spatial visualizer, and yellow for an object visualizer—and when they build teams, they note not just that they want a group to include someone from marketing, sales, and operations, but also from red, blue, and yellow to achieve a moderate level of diversity.
Collective intelligence refers to the shared intelligence of a group that emerges from collaboration among its members.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Kuningasajatuksen kintereillä – vinkit parhaan idean tunnistamiseen ja valintaan brainstormingin jälkeen
https://grapevine.fi/kuningasajatuksen-kintereilla-vinkit-parhaan-idean-tunnistamiseen-ja-valintaan-brainstormingin-jalkeen/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/electronics-blogs/living-analog/4462454/Inventions-that-were-almost-ahead-of-their-time
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.helsinki.fi/en/news/society-economy/smartphone-camera-detecting-the-ripeness-of-avocados-a-needle-free-tool-measuring-your-blood-sugar-level-12-scientific-innovations-at-slush
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/jillgriffin/2017/11/20/want-to-do-something-great-dont-be-afraid-of-failure/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Sähkölasku pian nolla euroa – mies irrotti omakotitalonsa sähköverkosta ja alkoi tuottaa sähkönsä itse: “Muut ajattelivat, että hulluhan tuo on”
https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11041311
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/briannawiest/2018/02/26/13-difficult-things-highly-successful-people-learn-to-do-young/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/averyblank/2018/06/26/4-steps-successful-people-take-to-overcome-fear-of-failure/
Tomi Engdahl says:
2-Minute Neuroscience: Reward System
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7E0mTJQ2KM
Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss the reward system.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Impactful services are designed with – not for
https://www.nitor.com/en/news-and-blogs/impactful-services-are-designed-not
Tomi Engdahl says:
Physics worth more to EU economy than retail and financial services, says study
https://sciencebusiness.net/physics-worth-more-eu-economy-retail-and-financial-services-says-study
Report commissioned by the European Physical Society says industries that rely on expertise in physics contribute 12 per cent of EU economic output
Industries that rely on physics expertise contribute more to the EU economy than financial services or retail, according to a new study.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Doctors flunk quiz on screening-test math
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/doctors-flunk-quiz-screening-test-math
He fails a drug test that is known to be 95 percent accurate. How likely is it that he is really guilty?
If you said 95 percent, you’re wrong. But don’t feel bad. It puts you in the company of a lot of highly educated doctors.
Alex’s positive test means there’s a 50-50 chance that he is actually guilty.
For decades, doctors and advocacy groups have promoted screening tests for all sorts of diseases without putting much thought into the math for interpreting the test results.
Of 10 medical students given the quiz, only two got the right answer.
But of 25 “attending physicians” given the question, only six got the right answer. Other hospital staff (such as interns and residents) didn’t do any better.
Among all the participants, the most common answer was 95 percent, the test’s accuracy rate. But as with the hypothetical drug test, the test’s actual “positive predictive value” for how many people really had the disease was much lower, in this case only about 2 percent. (If only 1 in a 1,000 people have the disease, testing 1,000 people would produce about 50 false positives and 1 correct identification; 1 divided by 51 is 1.96 percent.)
Really, you don’t want a doctor who tells you it’s 95 percent likely that you’re toast when the actual probability is merely 2 percent.
News reports heralded the 90 percent accuracy of the test as though it were big deal. But more astute commentary pointed out that such a 90 percent accurate test would in fact be wrong 92 percent of the time.
That’s based on an Alzheimer’s prevalence in the population of 1 percent. If you test only people over age 60, the prevalence rate goes up to 5 percent. In that case a positive result with a 90 percent accurate-test is correct 32 percent of the time.
Tomi Engdahl says:
IEEE President’s Column: An IEEE for the Next Technological Revolution
https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-institute/ieee-member-news/ieee-presidents-column-an-ieee-for-the-next-technological-revolution
I want to reflect on the unique times we live in and how they force us to rethink our organization.
it is interesting to note that AIEE and IRE were aware of the shift in technology that was moving us into the third industrial revolution, which would be dominated by electronics, computing, information, and digital advances.
We once again find ourselves facing a time of significant change. During the past 15 years of this 21st century, we have witnessed a perfect storm of technology convergence that includes the dominance of data arising from the physical, the social, and the business worlds; massive computing thanks to the miniaturization of chips and other components, as well as other factors predicted inexorably by Moore’s Law; progress in algorithms and processing methodologies; and the integration of disparate technologies on the wondrous smartphone.
Our world is interconnected, “smart,” and mobile. We aspire to “intelligent” infrastructure, “intelligent” transportation, smart homes, and smart everything.
RETHINKING SOCIETIES, COUNCILS, AND REGIONS
Tomi Engdahl says:
AI and the Future of Work: The Prospects for Tomorrow’s Jobs
https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/robotics/artificial-intelligence/ai-and-the-future-of-work-the-prospects-for-tomorrows-jobs
AI experts gathered at MIT last week, with the aim of predicting the role artificial intelligence will play in the future of work. Will it be the enemy of the human worker? Will it prove to be a savior? Or will it be just another innovation—like electricity or the internet?
Tomi Engdahl says:
Screen time might be physically changing kids’ brains
https://www.technologyreview.com/f/614672/screen-time-might-be-physically-changing-kids-brains/
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics warns that kids’ literacy and language skills suffer with screen use, and MRI scans of their brains appear to back up the findings.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Just 20 Minutes Of Contact With Nature Lowers Stress Hormone Levels
https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2019/10/31/study-just-20-minutes-of-contact-with-nature-lowers-stress-hormone-levels/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Dueling Brain Waves Anchor or Erase Learning During Sleep
By
ELENA RENKEN
October 24, 2019
https://www.quantamagazine.org/dueling-brain-waves-anchor-or-erase-learning-during-sleep-20191024/
While we sleep, one kind of slow brain wave helps to reinforce memories, but a competing wave weakens them.
Tomi Engdahl says:
A new way to make quadratic equations easy
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/614775/a-new-way-to-make-quadratic-equations-easy/?utm_medium=tr_social&utm_campaign=site_visitor.unpaid.engagement&utm_source=Facebook#Echobox=1575643965
Many former algebra students have painful memories of struggling to memorize the quadratic formula. A new way to derive it, overlooked for 4,000 years, is so simple it eliminates the need.
Loh’s approach does not rely on completing the square or any other difficult mathematical tricks. Indeed, it is simple enough to work as a general method itself, meaning students need not remember the formula at all. “The derivation has the potential to demystify the quadratic formula for students worldwide,” he says.
The new approach is straightforward. It starts with the assumption that a quadratic equation has two solutions, or roots.
An interesting question is why nobody has stumbled across this method before. Loh has searched the history of mathematics for an approach that resembles his, without success. He has looked at methods developed by the ancient Babylonians, Chinese, Greeks, Indians, and Arabs as well as modern mathematicians from the Renaissance until today. None of them appear to have made this step, even though the algebra is simple and has been known for centuries.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Blade Runner was set in November, 2019. Here’s what it and other movies got right and wrong about the ‘future’
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-11-01/blade-runner-is-set-today-the-future-is-now/11504502?pfmredir=sm
Tomi Engdahl says:
Teen uses external cameras and projection-mapping onto the a-pillar to “solve” blind-spots
https://boingboing.net/2019/11/03/a-pillar-eh.html
https://gizmodo.com/14-year-old-genius-solves-blind-spots-1839540078
Tomi Engdahl says:
Are Engineers Who Specialize More Successful?
https://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/tech-careers/are-engineers-who-specialize-more-successful
I got to know some people who I believed were “real engineers.” They knew things. Lots of things, and across a broad swath of technology. And more than just knowing things, they had an instinctive ability to work with or fix anything mechanical or electronic. Often they were, or had been, radio amateurs.
I think of Thomas Edison as the epitome of a real engineer, but I’m not sure that such people still exist today.
I held these generalist engineers in the highest esteem. They were usually the people I would call when some problem arose. But now I am wondering—how successful were they in their overall careers? I was prompted to consider this by reading Thomas Epstein’s recent popular book Range—Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World (Riverhead Books). My immediate reaction to the title was skepticism. Is it true in electrical engineering today that generalists are more likely to succeed than are specialists?
It seems to me that almost all the IEEE major awards go to specialists.
Most of the important innovations in our field have been made by specialists. Many of the engineers who have started important tech companies have done so in the field of their specialty. Of course, some of these famous engineers could be real engineers, but their success and fame was initially due to their mastery of a specialty.
specialists are nice to have, but their weakness is in having a narrow view. They are often most useful as adjuncts to the generalists. But perhaps in engineering it’s the other way around—it is generalists who are nice to have, but it is specialists who triumph. Yes, we need and respect real engineers, but the pathway to success seems to lead through specialization. Our world is too complex. The most successful among us begin as specialists. Some of the best then become generalists later, showing innate skills in management, interpersonal skills, communications, and business.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Engineers solve 50-year-old puzzle in signal processing
https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2019/10/10/signalprocessing
Something called the fast Fourier transform is running on your cell phone right now. The FFT, as it is known, is a signal-processing algorithm that you use more than you realize. It is, according to the title of one research paper, “an algorithm the whole family can use.”
FFT algorithm and its inverse (known as the IFFT) are at the heart of signal processing.
And, as such, “These are algorithms that made the digital revolution possible,” he said.
They’re a part of streaming music, making a cell phone call, browsing the internet or taking a selfie.
The FFT algorithm was published in 1965. Four years later, researchers developed a more versatile, generalized version called the chirp z-transform (CZT). But a similar generalization of the inverse FFT algorithm has gone unsolved for 50 years.
Until, that is, Stoytchev and Vladimir Sukhoy – an Iowa State doctoral student co-majoring in electrical and computer engineering, and human computer interaction – worked together to come up with the long-sought algorithm, called the inverse chirp z-transform (ICZT).
Like all algorithms, it’s a step-by-step process that solves a problem. In this case, it maps the output of the CZT algorithm back to its input.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Could consciousness all come down to the way things vibrate?
http://theconversation.com/could-consciousness-all-come-down-to-the-way-things-vibrate-103070
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://tieku.fi/ihminen/aivot/aivot-elattavat-omaa-flooraa
Tomi Engdahl says:
Scientists discover how to ‘upload knowledge to your brain’
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/03/01/scientists-discover-how-to-download-knowledge-to-your-brain/
Feeding knowledge directly into your brain, just like in sci-fi classic The Matrix, could soon take as much effort as falling asleep, scientists believe.
Researchers claim to have developed a simulator which can feed information directly into a person’s brain and teach them new skills in a shorter amount of time, comparing it to “life imitating art”.
Tomi Engdahl says:
The Long Road to Maxwell’s Equations
https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/dawn-of-electronics/the-long-road-to-maxwells-equations