I was had planned to do a long post on self-driving cars a quite long time. I was planning to do one this spring, but I might not do that, because it seems that predictions that self-driving cars would be here in 2020 were far too rosy. Five years ago, several companies including Nissan and Toyota promised self-driving cars in 2020. So it may be wise to take any new forecasts with a grain of salt. Hare is a worth to check out article of the current status of self-driving cars:
Surprise! 2020 Is Not the Year for Self-Driving Cars
https://spectrum.ieee.org/transportation/self-driving/surprise-2020-is-not-the-year-for-selfdriving-cars
In March, because of the coronavirus, self-driving car companies, including Argo, Aurora, Cruise, Pony, and Waymo, suspended vehicle testing and operations that involved a human driver. Around the same time, Waymo and Ford released open data sets of information collected during autonomous-vehicle tests and challenged developers to use them to come up with faster and smarter self-driving algorithms.
It seems that the self-driving car industry still hopes to make meaningful progress on autonomous vehicles (AVs) this year, but the industry is slowed by the pandemic and facing a set of very hard problems that have gotten no easier to solve over the years.
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Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.electrokits.ro/en/how-cold-weather-affects-the-car-battery/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12743-tesla-3-teki-historiaa
Autoilu on sähköistymässä. Tesla 3 teki syyskuussa historiaa jo lukujenkin valossa, sillä se nousi ensimmäisenä sähköautona Euroopan myyntilistojen kärkeen. Malleja myytiin yhteensä 24 591 kappaletta, kertoo autoalan kehitystä seuraava JATO Dynamics.
Toiseksi myydyin automalli oli bensakoneella varustettu Renault Clio. 18 264 myydyllä autollaan se jäi kuitenkin selvästi kakkoseksi.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Nopeampi CAN-väylä tulee autoihin
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12737-nopeampi-can-vaeylae-tulee-autoihin
Autot ovat yhä enemmän tietokoneita pyörillä ja niiden eri järjestelmien välillä kulkevan datan määrä kasvaa koko ajan. Yhä useammin siirtotienä on Ethernet, mutta myös vanha CAN-väylä kehittyy. NXP kertoo nyt ratkaisseensa sen, miten CAN-väylän nopeus nostetaan käytännössä 500 kilobitistä viiteen megabittiin sekunnissa.
Tämä paitsi nostaa väylän tiedonsiirtonopeutta, myös mahdollistaa laajempien CAN-verkkojen toteutuksen. Ratkaisu perustuu jo vuosia vanhaan CAN FD -protokollaan (CAN Flexible Datarate). Nyt NXP on ottanut ison askeleen eteenpäin CAN FD -toteutuksissa, kun sen uusi lähetin on onnistuneeksi integroitu Changanin uusimpaan ajoneuvoalustaan.
NXP on kehittänyt CAD FD -yhteyksiin oman SIC-lähetinvastaanottimensa (Signal Improvement Capability). Ensimmäisenä uutta tekniikkaa tukee TJA146x-lähetinvastaanotin. Se mahdollistaa CAN FD -verkkojen toiminnan laajemmissa ja monimutkaisemmissa verkoissa ja nopeuttaa saavutettavissa olevia tiedonsiirtonopeuksia parantamalla aktiivisesti CAN-signaalia. Tämä laajentaa CAN FD: n mahdollisuuksia ja joustavuutta kustannustehokkaana verkkotekniikkana, joka pystyy vastaamaan seuraavan sukupolven ajoneuvojen haasteisiin.
NXP:n mukaan perinteiset CAN-verkot ovat olleet kustannustehokkaita, kestäviä, skaalautuvia, helppoja ottaa käyttöön ja kykenevät tukemaan monimutkaisia topologioita koko ajoneuvossa. Kuitenkin, kun uusia toimintoja on tullut ajoneuvoon, lisätyn tiedonvaihdon tarve on käytännössä rajannut CAN-verkot toteutusten ulkopuolelle. CAN FD:llä on suurempi kaistanleveys kuin perinteisellä CAN-väylällä.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12740-latauspisteet-kasvattavat-saehkoetekniikan-myyntiae
Sähköteknisten tuotteiden tukkumyynnin arvo kasvoi heinä-syyskuussa 10,6 prosenttia vuoden takaiseen verrattuna. Vuoden alusta tilastoituna myynnin arvo oli syyskuun loppuun mennessä yhteensä 835 miljoonaa euroa, mikä on 5,8 prosenttia suurempi kuin vuotta aiemmin. Yksi suurimpia kasvun moottoreita on sähköautojen latauspisteiden kiihtyvä rakentaminen.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Multichannel Automotive High-Side Drivers Pack Features, Diagnostics—and SPI
Oct. 19, 2021
The switched inductive and resistive loads in modern cars benefit from these networked, multichannel high-side drivers.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21178715/electronic-design-multichannel-automotive-highside-drivers-pack-features-diagnosticsand-spi?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211025070&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Go to an antique-auto show—say, one for cars at least 25 years old—and you’ll see relatively little “electronics” content in the vehicles. The terms ADAS (advanced driver-assistance systems) and infotainment hadn’t been devised yet and self-driving cars were mostly conjecture with some basic R&D efforts underway. The few “advanced” functions in these cars, such as power windows, power seats, or heated seats (if they were even offered) ran directly off the 12-V battery of the car and were controlled by “hardwired” on/off switches. The only in-vehicle network was that 12-V rail.
Zip ahead to today’s cars and things certainly have changed. Whether mainstream ICE (internal combustion engine), some version of HEV (hybrid electric vehicle), or pure EV, electronics and advanced electromechanical systems of all types are located throughout the vehicle—all linked by low-, medium-, and high-speed networks.
Inductive loads such as power-assisted accessories and power windows, and resistive loads such as heated seats aren’t driven directly. Instead, they’re controlled by a network, smart controller, and power driver, with the latter almost always in a high-side arrangement due to the difficulties of having ungrounded loads in a car.
Meeting the complicated and growing demands on that driver function is where the VN9D30Q100F (Fig. 1) and similar VN9D5D20FN multichannel drivers with SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) connectivity from STMicroelectronics play a vital role. The former is a six-channel device with two 33-mW and four 90-mW channels, while the latter is a four-channel device with two 7.6-mW and two 20-mW channels.
These automotive-focused intelligent drivers (AEC-Q100 qualified), claimed to be first with digital current sensing among its many fully digital on-chip diagnostic features, are designed for high-side connection in 12-V battery systems. (Note that despite the growing adoption of higher voltages such as 48 V, there’s still a widespread need for the classic 12-V rail.)
These high-side driver ICs with 24-bit SPI simplify the hardware and software design of electronic control units (ECUs) and enhance system reliability.
The attributes of the drivers fall into three categories: general features, diagnostic functions, and protection. Among the many general features are capability of extreme low-voltage operation for deep cold-cranking applications; 10-bit ADC for digital current sensing; a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) engine with independent phase shift and frequency generation for each channel; programmable bulb/LED mode for all channels; and advanced “limp home” functions for a robust fail-safe system. In addition, the devices are optimized to minimize electromagnetic emissions and exhibit very low electromagnetic susceptibility.
Among its diagnostic functions are digital proportional load-current sensing; synchronous diagnostics of overload and short to ground, output shorted to VCC, and OFF-state open-load; and programmable case-overtemperature warning. To deal with the harsh automotive environment, always-important protection features include two levels of load-current limitation; self-limiting of fast thermal transients; undervoltage shutdown; overvoltage clamp; load-dump protection; and protection against loss of ground.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2021/10/26/being-green-its-a-rich-mans-game/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12749-iar-vie-risc-v-n-autoihin-linuxilla
Tomi Engdahl says:
Whatever Happened to DSRC and C-V2X?
Oct. 18, 2021
This new radio, using either of these technologies, will help improve safety for automobiles. So, what’s the holdup?
https://www.electronicdesign.com/communiqu/article/21178589/electronic-design-whatever-happened-to-dsrc-and-cv2x?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Auto%20Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211019022&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
What you’ll learn:
DSRC’s features and specifications.
C-V2X’s features and specifications.
·What’s the status of their adoption?
How many radios does your automobile contain? Probably more than you think. You surely have the basic AM and FM broadcast radios, maybe even an HD radio. Many of us also have a SiriusXM satellite radio. Then there’s the embedded Bluetooth for linking to your cell phone. And don’t forget the navigation system tied to the GPS radio. If your car has a hot spot, you have an embedded LTE radio with a Wi-Fi port, too. And for those owning a late model vehicle with an advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS), one or more mmWave radars are in the mix.
Tomi Engdahl says:
MATLAB Gets PCB and LiDAR Enhancements
Oct. 18, 2021
The R2021b release adds RF PCB and Signal Integrity toolboxes plus a plethora of updates.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/technologies/test-measurement/article/21177072/electronic-design-matlab-gets-pcb-and-lidar-enhancements?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Auto%20Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211019022&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
Self-driving cars are really, super difficult. Self-driving boats, on the other hand?…
Autonomous Boats Seem More Solvable Than Autonomous Cars MIT’s Roboats will find useful applications in Amsterdam canals
https://spectrum.ieee.org/mit-robot-boats?utm_campaign=RebelMouse&socialux=facebook&share_id=6749329&utm_medium=social&utm_content=IEEE+Spectrum&utm_source=facebook
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12754-nanohiili-mullistaa-saehkoeauton-akun-lataus-15-minuutissa
Tomi Engdahl says:
Three Made-to-Order EV Concepts Offer Up to 466 Miles of Range
Oct. 26, 2021
Foxconn plans to build electric vehicles for automotive customers rather than sell under its own brand.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21179562/electronic-design-three-madetoorder-ev-concepts-offer-up-to-466-miles-of-range?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211025089&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
What you’ll learn:
Details of the new Models C, E, and T electric-vehicle prototypes.
Partners involved with manufacturing and distributing the EVs.
Hon Hai’s move from contract electronics manufacturer to the EV arena.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Pakkanen syö sähköauton lataustehoa
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12762-pakkanen-syoe-saehkoeauton-lataustehoa
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://techcrunch.com/2021/10/29/amazon-reveals-20-stake-in-rivian-ahead-of-ev-makers-ipo/?tpcc=tcplusfacebook
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://techcrunch.com/2021/10/25/tesla-1-trillion-market-cap/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Tesla becomes 2nd-fastest company in history to hit $1 trillion valuation
https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/tesla-stock-price-1-trillion-valuation-second-fastest-ever-tsla-2021-10
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12767-saehkoeautojen-myynti-kasvaa-kovaa-vauhtia
Tomi Engdahl says:
Did Tesla, Hertz and Uber just jumpstart the trillion dollar robotaxi industry?
https://seekingalpha.com/news/3761185-did-tesla-hertz-and-uber-just-jumpstart-the-trillion-dollar-robotaxi-industry
The rideshare industry continues to make its slow crawl back to pre-pandemic levels with spending down 31.1% relative to 2019 levels for the week ending October 17th, according to data from research and analytics firm M Science. Uber held 71.8% of the total market for the week, while Lyft’s (NASDAQ:LYFT) market share fell to 26.9%.
However, even if ridesharing is not yet back to normal, the industry is not stalling out. The sector was jolted during the week by an announcement between Hertz Global (OTCPK:HTZZ) and Uber (NYSE:UBER) on accelerating the adoption of EVs through a new exclusive partnership to make up to 50K Teslas available by 2023 for drivers to rent through the Uber (UBER) network.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/02/nuro-lands-investment-from-google-tiger-global-in-new-600-million-round/?tpcc=tcplusfacebook
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2021/11/03/autoon-200-miljoonaa-rivia-koodia-ja-nopeat-verkkoyhteydet/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Foldable Steering-Wheel System Built for Self-Driving Cars
Oct. 28, 2021
The system, developed by Hyundai Mobis, can be retracted and stored in autonomous-driving vehicles. It also provides stability by automatically increasing or reducing steering-wheel responsiveness according to driving conditions.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21179097/electronic-design-foldable-steeringwheel-system-built-for-selfdriving-cars?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Auto%20Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211020014&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://tiautomotivefundamentals.com/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.iflscience.com/technology/first-flying-car-passes-safety-test-in-japan-could-be-onsale-by-2025/
Tomi Engdahl says:
HOW DOES THE POWER SUPPLY OF AN ECU WORK?
https://www.electrokits.ro/en/how-an-ecu%27s-power-supply-works/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Cruise lays out its plan for ‘how’ it will make robotaxis a reality
https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/05/cruise-lays-out-its-plan-for-how-it-will-make-robotaxis-a-reality/
GM’s self-driving subsidiary Cruise presented a technical and deployment roadmap — at a granular level — that aimed to show how it has built autonomous vehicles that are safer and more scalable than any human-driven vehicle, including those equipped with advanced driver assistance systems.
While Cruise was clearly making a case for its own technology (not to mention trying to recruit fresh talent), the event was also an argument for autonomous vehicles in general. Each engineer or product lead who spoke Thursday presented various components, from how it uses simulations and the development of its own chips and other hardware to the design of its app and the vehicle itself.
out the company’s plan to launch a commercial robotaxi and delivery service starting with retrofitted Chevy Bolts and eventually scaling to an army of tens of thousands of purpose-built Origin AVs on the road over the next few years.
Cruise just gained approval in California to perform commercial delivery services, and is still one permit away from being able to charge for driverless ride-hailing.
Using simulations to scale, not just verify the system
Cruise is relying on simulations not only to prove out its safety case, but also to scale to new cities without having to perform millions of miles of tests in them first.
“When we combine a high-fidelity environment with a procedurally generated city, that’s when we unlock the capability to efficiently scale our business to new cities,” said Gandhi.
He then laid out the technology for the “Road to Sim,” which transforms into editable simulation scenarios real events that have been collected by AVs on the road. This ensures that the AV doesn’t regress by testing against scenarios it has already seen.
“As we work on solving the longtail, we’ll rely less and less on real-world testing because when you have an event that happens rarely, it takes thousands of road miles to test it properly, and it’s just not scalable,” said Gandhi. “So we’re developing technology to scalably explore large-scale parameter spaces to generate test scenarios.”
Test scenarios also include simulating the way other road users react to the AV.
“So Morpheus, Road to Sim and NPC AI work together in this really thoughtful way to let us perform more robust testing around rare and difficult events,” said Gandhi. “And it really gives us the confidence that we can solve rare issues now and in future similar issues, as well.”
the company’s plan to invest heavily into the compute power of the Origin in order to decrease costs by 90% over the next four generations so it can scale profitably. At the time, Ammann mentioned Cruise’s intention to manufacture custom silicon in-house to cut costs
“Our fourth-generation compute platform will be based on our in-house custom silicon development,” said Basu. “This is purpose-built for our application.
Compute is a critical system from a safety perspective, and has redundancy built into it. Add to that an AV system that is processing up to 10 gigabits of data every second,
Cruise’s AI team developed two chips: The sensor processing chip will handle edge processing for the range of sensors like cameras, radar and acoustics. The second chip, which is designed to be a dedicated neural network processor, supports and accelerates machine learning applications like those large, multitask models developed by the AI team.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Robottibussi kolaroi Helsingissä – toimitusjohtaja selittää, miten onnettomuus oli mahdollinen
”Onnettomuus johtui siitä, että bussi oli poikkeuksellisesti manuaaliohjauksessa.”
https://www.is.fi/kotimaa/art-2000008389490.html
Kolarin toisena osapuolena oli ilman kuljettajaa liikkuva robottibussi. Bussi törmäsi kadun varrella olevaan henkilöautoon.
– Oliko ohjelmistovika vai mikä tullut. Siinä mies oli lähdössä parkista, robottibussi vain törmäsi siihen, Kähkölä kertoo.
Helsingin Vuosaaressa on ollut syyskuun lopusta lähtien kokeilu, jossa Aurinkolahteen avattu uusi linja 90R operoidaan robottibussilla. Sähköinen robottibussi ajaa itsekseen. Bussissa on mukana turvakuljettaja, joka valvoo toimintaa.
– Ehkä tekniikka ei ole vielä aivan valmis, Kähkönen arvelee.
Robottibusseista vastaavan Roboriden toimitusjohtaja Tatu Nieminen kertoo, että onnettomuus johtui siitä, että bussi oli poikkeuksellisesti manuaaliohjauksessa.
– Siinä oli sellainen tilanne, että roska-auto oli pysäköity ja tukki koko ajokaistan. Turvakuljettaja joutui ottamaan ajoneuvon manuaaliseen ajoon ja ohittamaan roska-auton. Palatessaan omalle kaistalleen hän teki inhimillisen pienen ajovirheen ja kolaroi.
Kyseessä on ensimmäinen robottibussille tapahtunut kolari.
– Automaattiajossa tällaista onnettomuutta ei olisi sattunut. Ajoneuvo olisi tehnyt hätäpysähdyksen.
Niemisen mukaan automaattiajossa busseille ei ole tullut vaaratilanteita.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Safety Solution Speeds Certification of Automotive Designs
Nov. 4, 2021
The FMEDA-driven platform developed by Cadence offers analog and digital design and verification of safety-critical semiconductors.
Murray Slovick
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21180367/electronic-design-safety-solution-speeds-certification-of-automotive-designs?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211028058&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
“Simple” Optical Method Tracks Internal Battery Transitions During Charge/Discharge Cycles
Nov. 5, 2021
Using a relatively simplistic optical-interference technique, researchers are able to observe the motion of particles within a battery as it’s being charged and discharged.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/whitepaper/21180567/electronic-design-simple-optical-method-tracks-internal-battery-transitions-during-chargedischarge-cycles?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211028058&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
Digitaalinen tutka ratkaisee robottiauton ongelman?
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12798-digitaalinen-tutka-ratkaisee-robottiauton-ongelman
Autonomiset ajoneuvot nojaavat useaan eri tekniikkaan, jolla ne havainnoivat ja reagoivat ympäristöönsä. Yksi keskeisiä on tutka. Tämän hetken tutkilla on kuitenkin ongelmansa, ja esimerkiksi useiden tutkien toimiessa lähekkäin laitteet tekevät vääriä tulkintoja. Ratkaisu voi löytyä digitaalisesta tutkasta.
Markkinoiden ensimmäisen digitaalisen tutkapiirin on kehittänyt teksasilainen Uhnder. Käytännössä kyse on tutkapiiristä, jolle on lisätty digitaalinen signaalinkäsittely. Tekniikkaa yritys kehitti vuosia markkinoilta piilossa ja nyt se pyrkii kaupallistamaan ratkaisunsa.
Tämän hetken ADAS-järjestelmien akilleen kantapääksikin on kutsuttu tutkasignaalinen häiriintymistä. Tutka toimii lähettämällä signaalipurskeen, jonka takaisinkimpoamisen vastaanotin havaitsee. Ongelmia ilmenee, kun vastaanottimeen tulee useampia tutkasignaaleja esimerkiksi erilaisista ympäristön objekteista heijastuen.
Ylimääräiset signaalit voivat aiheuttaa häiriöitä sekä saman ajoneuvon eri tutkissa että eri ajoneuvojen tutkissa. Tällä hetkellä tutkille annetaan vain käytettävissä oleva taajuus (76-81 GHz) ja tutkan valmistajan on huolehdittava laitteensa turvallisuudesta. Uhnderin ratkaisu eroaa analogisista tutkista siinä, että jokainen tutkasignaali saa oman digitaalisen koodinsa. Näin tutka tunnistaa varmasti oman signaalinsa ja voi suodattaa muut signaalit pois häiritsemästä.
Uhnderin ensimmäinen asiakas on Magna, joka on automessuilla demonnut tutkaansa jo parin vuoden ajan.
Introducing the First Digital Automotive Radar-on-Chip
https://www.uhnder.com/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2021/11/10/volvon-suurtehoakut-kootaan-salossa/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2021/11/09/stereokamera-varoittaa-vaarasta/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Annoy Yourself Into Better Driving With This Turn Signal Monitor
https://hackaday.com/2021/11/07/annoy-yourself-into-better-driving-with-this-turn-signal-monitor/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Intel, Samsung and Porsche among investors in TriEye’s $74M funding round
https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/10/intel-samsung-and-porsche-among-investors-in-trieyes-74m-funding-round/?tpcc=tcplusfacebook
Israeli startup TriEye has raised $74 million to commercialize a type of sensing technology that can be used to help autonomous and driver-assistance systems to see better in adverse conditions.
The technology uses short-wave infrared (SWIR), which refers to a wavelength range that is outside the visible spectrum. While SWIR sensing is not new, it has mostly been restricted to the aerospace and defense industries due to its high cost. TriEye says it has made engineering breakthroughs that have driven down the cost enough to compete with regular cameras that can be found in a mobile phone or vehicle today, and to outperform other types of sensors on the market.
According to CEO Avi Bakal, SWIR brings an additional layer of information to existing vision systems by letting people see “beyond the visible.”
“Sensing is everywhere,” Bakal said. “In any industry, it’s a vital part of the gathering and analysis process. As of today, the vision system market lacks necessary and vital data that can impact performance and decision-making all over.”
Using SWIR and a proprietary illumination source also developed by TriEye, the company has built a sensor it calls sedar (spectrum enhanced detection and ranging). According to the company, sedar provides all imaging and depth information required for advanced driver assistance and autonomous systems — that means it could replace the conventional sensing stack that’s being used in advanced driver assistance and autonomous systems today, which is generally a combination of cameras, radar, and light detection and ranging radar (lidar).
Tomi Engdahl says:
PepsiCo says its first Tesla Semi trucks are coming this year, despite Elon Musk warning of delays
https://lm.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fbit.ly%2F3mWzsSa&h=AT26eornj8AGwat1LsCofKHQ63mHCx1oVQLpdaeAIi2do91BXPwOYUr4zAUQFXv0R6xSFvUnVzrbsDZOb2LcH-sQ5XEFzWvEdKQNUDg8YqBdkjg3Fh9YE8aLSP72rVQPdg
Tomi Engdahl says:
Intrusion Detection System Defends Vehicles Against Cyberattacks
Nov. 5, 2021
Researchers develop a method for building cyber resiliency into the CAN protocol.
https://www.machinedesign.com/automation-iiot/article/21180293/intrusion-detection-system-defends-vehicles-against-cyberattacks
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21180522/machine-design-intrusion-detection-system-defends-vehicles-against-cyberattacks?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Auto%20Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211028116&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
When a group of researchers issued early warning that they could remotely hack specific Ford and Toyota vehicles back in 2011, the automotive manufacturers responded with skepticism. There was no way hackers could launch remote attacks on their vehicles unless they had physical access to the vehicles, they clapped back.
It took a few more experiments, but the researchers responded with a paper in 2015 that outlined how a remote attack against an unaltered 2014 Jeep Cherokee resulted in physical control of some aspects of the vehicle’s communications systems. That paper demonstrated remote attacks can be staged against many Fiat-Chrysler vehicles, and subsequently led to a mass recall of 1.4 million vulnerable vehicles.
The rate of technological advancement in vehicles makes research into intrusion detection a burgeoning area of automotive cybersecurity research. It’s an area of focus for Southwest Research Institute, which has now developed an innovative technology that uses digital fingerprinting and algorithms to identify anomalies in communications across automotive systems and components.
The intrusion detection system (IDS) was designed to protect military ground vehicles against cyberthreats to embedded systems and connected vehicle networks, noted SwRI engineers, who are collaborating with the U.S. Army Ground Vehicle Systems Center (GVSC) Ground System Cyber Engineering (GSCE).
Military, passenger, and commercial vehicles use the standard Controller Area Network (CAN) bus protocol to enable communications across various nodes or electronic control units (ECUs).
Automakers have relied on the CAN protocol as a reliable platform for transmitting information since 1986. Its shortcoming, however, is that it was not designed with cybersecurity in mind.
There are many ways in which hackers may gain control of a vehicle. From cyber physical features (adaptive cruise control, lane departure warnings, park assist systems) to remote keyless entry, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and radio data systems, connectivity with external networks have expanded exponentially.
“A cyberattack could potentially send erroneous information across the CAN protocol to alter or impede a vehicle’s operations,” said Jonathan Wolford, an SwRI engineer who co-authored a paper on the subject. “An attack on several connected vehicles could have disastrous effects.”
SwRI researchers report they’ve developed algorithms that can now digitally fingerprint messages on nodes that transmit information through the CAN bus protocol. Digital fingerprinting allows an intrusion detection system to identify when an unknown or invalid node or computer is connected to the vehicle network.
They explained that algorithms use the CAN transceiver’s message transmission to track low-level physical layer characteristics to create these digital fingerprints. Examples of such characteristics are minimum and maximum voltages and the voltage transition rates for each CAN frame.
Digital fingerprinting provides a method for accurately identifying messages sent from unauthorized nodes or when a valid node is sending spurious messages, indicative of a “masquerade attack,” they said. Once the system was trained, the engineers injected false data. The algorithms flagged the invasive data instantly. The system is capable of both identifying threats and defending against them, noted the researchers.
“These attacks are theoretically easier for bad actors who have physical access to a vehicle, but vehicles are also vulnerable from wireless attacks,” said Peter Moldenhauer, an SwRI engineer who co-authored the research. “Our system is designed to build cyber resiliency into the CAN protocol as we move to more connected and automated vehicle networks.”
The IDS system is applicable to military, passenger and commercial vehicles.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2021/11/03/helsinki-kokeilee-robottilahettia-pakettikuljetuksiin/
Tomi Engdahl says:
5G tulee autoon eSIMillä
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12777-5g-tulee-autoon-esimillae
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-12/rivian-is-now-biggest-u-s-company-with-no-sales-amid-ev-fever
Tomi Engdahl says:
Automotive Radar with Integrated Antenna Unlocks New Auto Applications
Nov. 15, 2021
Sponsored by Texas Instruments: Single-chip radar sensors outperform most other sensors in automotive applications. And an antenna-on-package feature reduces overall size, giving designers much-needed flexibility in their placement.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21180442/texas-instruments-automotive-radar-with-integrated-antenna-unlocks-new-auto-applications?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211110024&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Single-Chip Radar
IC radars are called radar sensors. They operate in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands like 76 to 81 GHz and 61 to 64 GHz. Most devices contain multiple transmitters and receivers that use frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) signals with a chirp format. The IC contains a full digital signal processor (DSP) to generate, receive, and process the return signals.
For the most part, the device is fully self-contained except for the antenna. In the past, that was left to the designer. Most sensors used PCB antennas that occupied a significant amount of PCB space. A new generation of radar sensors packages the IC and an integrated antenna, producing an antenna-on-package (AoP) module that’s considerably smaller than other arrangements. It also allows non-RF engineers to design with the new sensors without knowledge of mmWave antenna design.
One product with this capability is Texas Instruments’ AWR1843AOP. Integrating four transmitters and three receivers, the sensor is designed to operate at 77 GHz although it has a total range of 76 to 81 GHz. Bandwidth is 4 GHz. Each transmitter can emit up to 16 dBm EIRP; the receivers have a noise figure of 10 dB. These radios are operated by an Arm Cortex-R4F MCU. Also on-chip is a C674 DSP to process the received signals.
As for the antenna, it’s programmable in the transmit path using the internal phase shifters and amplitude controllers, making it a phased array that allows for beamforming and control of the transmit field of view (FoV). The IC, packaged in a 15- × 15-mm BGA, has plenty of I/O ports, including CAN, I2C, SPI, UART, and GPIOs.
New Applications
The AWR1843AOP makes it possible to provide greater detail in recognizing objects around the vehicle. Auto manufacturers are continuing to build in more advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) features that can recognize larger objects, but the AWR1843AOP provides finer-grain details.
The device provides near-field detection capability that enhances detection of smaller objects. An example is a sensor that indicates if a car door can be opened or if it’s blocked in some way. It’s able to detect lower objects such as a nearby curb, or even detect partially “transparent” objects like bicycles or grocery carts. Other uses include trunk or back-door open or closed condition, blind-spot detection, lane-change detection, cross-traffic alert, and parking assistance.
The beauty of this IC is its small size, which allows it to be placed in ever-smaller locations like door handles, rocker panels, or B pillars. Overall, the radar sensor is far more precise and reliable that other sensors like ultrasonic, time of flight or video cameras.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Precision Voltage Reference Thrives Despite Automotive Stresses
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21181304/electronic-design-precision-voltage-reference-thrives-despite-automotive-stresses?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211110024&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
Kehittyneitä puolijohdelasereita autojen lidar-tutkiin
https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2021/11/15/kehittyneita-puolijohdelasereita-autojen-lidar-tutkiin/
Tampereen yliopistossa toimiva DI Antti Aho selvittää uudessa väitöskirjassaan kehittyneitä puolijohdelasereita silmäturvallisiin robottiautojen valotutkiin sekä kelta–oranssien aallonpituuksien tuottamista ja mittaamista. Mukana on myös linkki pian tarkastettavaan väitöskirjatyöhön.
Kirkkaille, aallonpituuslukituille puolijohdelasereille on kysyntää esimerkiksi itseajavien autojen lidar-valotutkissa ja lääketieteen sovelluksissa, joissa tarvitaan kelta–oranssia valoa.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2021/11/16/for-all-their-expense-electric-cars-are-still-the-cheapest/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/whitepaper/21181420/electronic-design-this-week-in-powerbites-hydrogen-vs-batteries-sicmania-and-etrucks?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Analog%20%26%20Power%20Source&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211110023&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
This Week in PowerBites: 1,800-Mile Trip on a Solar-Electric RV
https://www.electronicdesign.com/power-management/whitepaper/21180142/electronic-design-this-week-in-powerbites-1800mile-trip-on-a-solarelectric-rv
Tomi Engdahl says:
Mark Gurman / Bloomberg:
Sources: Apple is accelerating the development of a fully autonomous electric car, after hitting a car processor milestone, with plans to debut it by 2025 — – Company looks to refocus project on self-driving capabilities — New car chief Kevin Lynch pushing for debut as early as 2025
Apple Accelerates Work on Car Project, Aiming for Fully Autonomous Vehicle
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-18/apple-accelerates-work-on-car-aims-for-fully-autonomous-vehicle
Company looks to refocus project on self-driving capabilities
New car chief Kevin Lynch pushing for debut as early as 2025
Apple Inc. is pushing to accelerate development of its electric car and is refocusing the project around full self-driving capabilities, according to people familiar with the matter, aiming to solve a technical challenge that has bedeviled the auto industry.
For the past several years, Apple’s car team had explored two simultaneous paths: creating a model with limited self-driving capabilities focused on steering and acceleration — similar to many current cars — or a version with full self-driving ability that doesn’t require human intervention.
US-IT-APPLE-NEWS-FEED
Kevin Lynch, Apple’s vice president of technology.
Photographer: Brittany Hosea-Small/AFP/Getty Images
Under the effort’s new leader — Apple Watch software executive Kevin Lynch — engineers are now concentrating on the second option. Lynch is pushing for a car with a full self-driving system in the first version, said the people, who asked not to be identified because the deliberations are private.
Apple shares gained as much as 2.4% to $157.23 after Bloomberg reported the news.
It’s just the latest shift for the car effort, known as the Special Projects Group or “Project Titan,” which has endured strategy changes and executive turnover since starting around 2014.
In trying to master self-driving cars, Apple is chasing a holy grail within the industry. Tech and auto giants have spent years on autonomous vehicles, but the capabilities have remained elusive.
Tesla Inc., the market leader in electric vehicles, is still probably years away from offering fully autonomous cars. Alphabet Inc.’s Waymo has suffered a rash of departures in its efforts to develop the technology. And Uber Technologies Inc. agreed to sell off its autonomous-driving division last year.
Apple is internally targeting a launch of its self-driving car in four years, faster than the five- to seven-year timeline that some engineers had been planning for earlier this year. But the timing is fluid, and hitting that 2025 target is dependent on the company’s ability to complete the self-driving system — an ambitious task on that schedule. If Apple is unable to reach its goal, it could either delay a release or initially sell a car with lesser technology.
Recently, the company reached a key milestone in developing the car’s underlying self-driving system, people familiar with the situation said. Apple believes it has completed much of the core work on the processor it intends to eventually ship in the first generation of the car.
The chip was designed by Apple’s silicon engineering group — which devised the processors for the iPhone, iPad and Mac — rather than within the car team itself.
Apple plans to start using the new processor design and updated self-driving sensors in retrofitted cars that it’s spent years testing in California. The company currently has a fleet of 69 Lexus SUVs experimenting with its technology, according to the state’s Department of Motor Vehicles.
The Apple car chip is the most advanced component that Apple has developed internally and is made up primarily of neural processors that can handle the artificial intelligence needed for autonomous driving.
The hope is to develop a vehicle that can spare customers from driving fatigue when they’re on long trips. But building an actual car — for an auto industry outsider like Apple — will require partnerships. The company has discussed deals with multiple manufacturers and has considered potentially building the vehicle in the U.S.
Even with recent progress, creating a fully self-driving car by 2025 is seen as very aggressive within Apple. Some people within Project Titan are skeptical about the timeline.
Safety is a major piece of the puzzle. Apple is looking to build stronger safeguards than what’s available from Tesla and Waymo, engineers involved with the effort say. That includes creating plenty of redundancy — the ability for layers of backup systems to kick in to avoid safety and driving system failures.
As part of efforts to accelerate the project, Apple is hiring more self-driving and car hardware engineers.
To power up the vehicle, Apple has discussed being compatible with the combined charging system, or CCS. That would let Apple tap into an expansive global network of chargers.
Apple has internally debated several different business models for its car, including creating a self-driving fleet that would compete with the likes of Uber, Lyft Inc. and Waymo. The company has discussed an external design similar to the Canoo if it were to take the fleet approach. A more likely scenario, however, is Apple offering the cars for individual ownership.
Getting to that point won’t be easy. Apple’s car project has suffered from development challenges, leadership struggles, layoffs and delays over its seven-year history.
Lynch is now the fifth executive to take charge of the project in roughly seven years. That rate of turnover is rare at Apple. For instance, its virtual and augmented reality team has had one leader since that project kicked off around the same time as the car.
Lynch is a software manager without car hardware or autonomous experience, but former Tesla executives on the project — including Michael Schwekutsch and Stuart Bowers — have key roles.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Wall Street Journal:
Ford partners with GlobalFoundries to develop chips, but offers few concrete details
Ford, GM Step Into Chip Business
https://www.wsj.com/articles/ford-enters-semiconductor-business-amid-chip-shortage-impact-11637242202?mod=djemalertNEWS
Stung by semiconductor shortage, Detroit’s two biggest car companies are looking to align with computer-chip makers to develop and potentially manufacture chips
Detroit’s two biggest auto makers— Ford Motor Co. F -1.51% and General Motors Co. GM -3.53% —are looking to get into the semiconductor business, after a year of computer-chip shortages that snarled their global factory output.
Ford on Thursday morning outlined a strategic agreement with U.S.-based semiconductor manufacturer GlobalFoundries Inc. GFS 2.50% to develop chips, a pact that could eventually lead to joint U.S. production.
GM later said it was forging ties with some of the biggest names in semiconductors—including Qualcomm Inc. and NXP Semiconductors NV—and has agreements in place to co-develop and manufacture computer chips.
The moves are the latest examples of how pandemic-related disruptions are prompting companies to exert greater control over their supply chains by moving production closer to home, or in some cases in-house. Multinational companies got an early shock in the health crisis when border closings, local restrictions and lockdowns caused chaos. Some have decided on permanent solutions.
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.edn.com/are-solar-powered-cars-the-ultimate-electric-vehicles/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Kolmen kaistan paikannus autoon yhdellä sirulla
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/12851-kolmen-kaistan-paikannus-autoon-yhdellae-sirulla
STMicroelectronics on tuonut markkinoille maailman ensimmäisen autojen satelliittinavigointisirun, jolle on integroitu kolmikaistainen paikannus. Tähän asti vastaava tarkkuus on löytynyt lähinnä ammattikäytöstä, kuten maanmittauksesta ja kartoituksesta, jotka vaativat millimetrin tarkkuutta.
staanotin voi seurata satelliitteja GPS-, Glonass-, BeiDou-, Galileo-, QZSS- ja NAVIC/IRNSS-konstellaatioissa.
https://www.st.com/en/automotive-infotainment-and-telematics/sta8135ga.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
Automotive Radar with Integrated Antenna Unlocks New Auto Applications
Nov. 15, 2021
Sponsored by Texas Instruments: Single-chip radar sensors outperform most other sensors in automotive applications. And an antenna-on-package feature reduces overall size, giving designers much-needed flexibility in their placement.
https://www.electronicdesign.com/markets/automotive/article/21180442/texas-instruments-automotive-radar-with-integrated-antenna-unlocks-new-auto-applications?utm_source=EG%20ED%20Auto%20Electronics&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CPS211116019&o_eid=7211D2691390C9R&rdx.ident%5Bpull%5D=omeda%7C7211D2691390C9R&oly_enc_id=7211D2691390C9R
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2021/11/25/volvo-sijoittaa-uusimpaan-optiikkaan-ja-kuvantamistekniikoihin/