In the tech world, there is a constant flow of changes and keeping up with them means the choice for tools and technologies which are the most appropriate to invest your time in. In 2025 the best programming language or technology stack to learn really depends on your personal aims, hobbies, and apps you are going to create.
The interest in Java is dropping. February 2025 TIOBE programming community index. C++, which has long been the cornerstone of system programming and performance-critical applications, has officially overtaken Java to take second place in the TIOBE programming language popularity index. A new report from the Java vendor Azul claims that 88% of companies are considering moving off of Oracle Java to another alternative as a result of rising costs and restrictive policies from Oracle, among other issues.
The growing trend in the world of software development: speed matters. C++, Go, and Rust are gaining popularity because the need for computing power increases faster than speed of CPUs is increasing, sothere is a growing interest to the fast programming languages. While C++ is establishing itself, other fast languages are making significant strides. Go continues its top 10 ranking, while Rust has reached an all-time high.
Python still holds its place at the top of the programming world. Since the number of trained experts in the software industry is not enough to cover the growing need, professionals from many other fields are taking over programming skills with the help of Python. This ensures that Python maintains its position even as speed continues to be emphasized in programming language choices. Programs written with Python are often notoriously slow and inefficient. Python 3.14, due out later this year, is set to receive a new type of interpreter that can boost performance by up to 30% with no changes to existing code. Write Python like it’s 2025 and check Python Libraries That Will Make You Feel Like a Data Wizard.
There are also innovative alternatives to the popular languages are gaining steam—and one of them could be the perfect fit for your next project. Top programming languages to learn in 2025: Python, JavaScript, Rust, and more – maybe also Go. Check out also those 11 cutting-edge programming languages to learn now or decide it is better for you to not going to learn a new programming language this year.
Microsoft is actively pushing Visual Studio Code extensions for many uses and even replacing existing separate tools. GitHub Copilot is advertised as your AI pair programmer tool in Visual Studio Code. Check the Best VS Code Extensions to Boost Your Productivity.
Best Backend Frameworks for 2025: A Developer’s Guide to Making the Right Choice The stakes for choosing the right backend framework have never been higher. With the explosion of AI-powered applications, real-time processing requirements, and microservices architectures, your framework choice can make or break your project’s success.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating at an astonishing pace, quickly moving from emerging technologies to impacting coding a lot AI tools have come heavily to the coding. Coders use AI to help their coding in many ways. You can write code quickly. How to refactor code with GitHub Copilot. How To Build Web Components Using ChatGPT. There are also warnings that Using GitHub Copilot is one sure-fire way to never actually learn how to do coding.
The web has come a long way from static HTML pages to dynamic and highly interactive applications. When traditional JavaScript-based web apps struggle with performance-intensive tasks, WebAssembly (WASM) promises to enable near-native performance on the web. Read Why WebAssembly (WASM) is the Future of High-Performance Web Apps.
JavaScript in 2025 will see advancements in serverless architectures, integration with WebAssembly, adoption of microfrontends, and more. JavaScript is also a fighting field. Deno filed a petition with the United States Patent and Trademark Office to cancel Oracle’s trademark in November 2024. Oracle will not voluntarily release its trademark on the word “JavaScript”. Building Modern React Apps in 2025 – A Guide to Cutting-Edge Tools and Tech Stacks
The open source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment Node.js will soon support TypeScript by default, without extra configuration. Node 23 will be able to run TypeScript files without any extra configuration. Express is an extremely commonly used web server application framework in Node.js.
Open Source in 2025: Strap In, Disruption Straight Ahead article takes a look for new tensions to arise in the New Year over licensing, the open source AI definition, security and compliance, and how to pay volunteer maintainers. For good news check out Top Open Source Projects to Watch in 2025 and 13 top open-source tools you must use for your next big project in 2025.
The Mobile Development Tech Stack for 2025 selection is important because the right tech stack can make or break your mobile app. The mobile development tech stack for 2025 is rich with opportunities.
Must-Know 2025 Developer’s Roadmap and Key Programming Trends article says that in the world of coding trends, one thing is clear: classic languages like Java, Python, and JavaScript are still important, but they’re being joined by new favorites such as Go and Rust. And when you ask “Is JavaScript or Python 2025?” the answer is rarely simple – and could be that you need both.
Here are some points:
Python’s Growth in Data Work and AI: Python continues to lead because of its easy-to-read style and the huge number of libraries available for tasks from data work to artificial intelligence. Tools like TensorFlow and PyTorch make it a must-have.
JavaScript and Its Ongoing Role in Building Website: JavaScript (and by extension, TypeScript) is the basic building block. JavaScript is still essential for web work, running both the parts you see on a site and the behind-the-scenes work, but many coders are now preferring TypeScript for business projects. Try building a small web app using React.
The Rise of Go and Rust: For those looking at future coding languages 2025, Go and Rust are getting a lot of attention.
Java, C++, and C#: The Reliable Favorites: Even in 2025, there’s no ignoring that languages like Java, C++, and C# are still important. Java continues to be a top choice for large business applications and Android app development, while C++ is key in systems work and game development.
There are several shifts that every aspiring coder should keep in mind:
Adding Artificial Intelligence to Coding: The future of coding is closely linked with AI
Building for the Cloud: With cloud computing becoming common, languages that handle many tasks at once and run fast (like Go and Rust) are more important than ever.
The Need for Full-Stack Skills: Coders today are expected to handle both the front part of websites and the back-end work. JavaScript, along with tools like Node.js and modern front-end libraries, is key.
Focus on Safety and Speed: With online security becoming a big issue, languages that help avoid mistakes are getting more attention. Rust’s features that prevent memory errors and Go’s straightforward style are good examples.
Keep Learning and Stay Flexible: One thing that never changes in tech is change itself. What is popular in 2024 might be different in 2025.
Here’s a simple table that sums up some facts in plain language:
| Language | 2025 Trend | Main Advantage | Resource Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Python | Leads in data work and AI | Easy to read, lots of tools | GeeksforGeeks |
| JavaScript | Essential for building websites | Works everywhere on the web | Snappify |
| TypeScript | Becoming popular in large projects | Helps catch errors early | Fullstack Academy |
| Go | Growing quickly in cloud computing | Fast and handles many tasks at once | Nucamp |
| Rust | New favorite for safe, low-level coding | Prevents common memory mistakes | The Ceres Group |
| Java | Still important for big business and Android work | Runs on many types of systems | Wikipedia |
Best Dev Stacks to Learn in 2025lists the top development stacks for 2025 to be:
1. MERN Stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js)
2. MEVN Stack (MongoDB, Express.js, Vue.js, Node.js)
3. JAMstack (JavaScript, APIs, Markup)
4. T3 Stack (Next.js, TypeScript, tRPC, Tailwind CSS, Prisma)
5. Flutter Stack (Flutter, Firebase)
6. PERN Stack (PostgreSQL, Express.js, React, Node.js)
7. Django Stack (Django, PostgreSQL, React/Angular)
8. DevOps Stack (Docker, Kubernetes, Jenkins, Terraform)
9. AI/ML Stack (Python, TensorFlow, PyTorch, FastAPI)
10. Blockchain Development Stack (Solidity, Ethereum, Hardhat)
11. Spring Boot + React Stack
10 hot programming trends — and 10 going cold
Hot: Repatriation
Not: Cloud bills
Hot: AI partners
Not: Human pair programming
Hot: Rust
Not: C/C++
Hot: Wasm
Not: Interpreters
Hot: CPUs
Not: GPUs
Hot: Zero-knowledge proofs
Not: Digital signatures
Hot: Trustworthy ledgers
Not: Turing-complete ledgers
Hot: GraphQL
Not: REST
Hot: Static site generators
Not: Single-page apps
Hot: Database configuration
Not: Software programming
What’s trending in Software-driven Automation (SDA) in 2025? Here are some predictions:
1. Virtual Safe Control – A new and novel concept introduced by CODESYS and SILista, making it possible to implement Functional Safety controller reaching SIL2 or even SIL3 level, using generic hardware with help of software virtualisation. This will significantly decrease cost of hardware and speed up development cycle.
2. Open platforms – This trend started already last year, and now we’re seeing more and more automation vendors coming this way. #ctrlXOS opened the game, and there are other vendors like Phoenix coming the same way with their PLCnext Virtualised.
3. Model-based Design (MBD) – An old concept but not yet fully utilised in development. Maybe because lack of well integrated toolchains in the past. But now we’re seeing more and more industrial players adopting the methodology in their product development.
4. AI, of course, but how? Naturally AI can assist in efficient software development and testing. Also some algorithm optimisation and condition monitoring with AI and ML has been seen.
498 Comments
Tomi Engdahl says:
Redis Is Open Source Again
Redis, the popular in-memory data store, is available under an open source license again.
https://thenewstack.io/redis-is-open-source-again/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.tecmint.com/linux-network-ports/
Tomi Engdahl says:
use vibe coding and AI to run my Etsy and Shopify store. It’s helped me more than double my revenue in a year.
https://www.businessinsider.com/vibe-coding-etsy-seller-ai-boost-revenue-2025-4
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.cio.com/article/3964886/9-it-skills-where-expertise-pays-the-most.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/quality-of-life-services-i-self-host-on-my-home-lab/
Tomi Engdahl says:
What Web Developers Really Think About AI in 2025
https://dev.to/sachagreif/what-web-developers-really-think-about-ai-in-2025-2fjn
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://hackaday.com/2025/05/14/version-control-to-the-max/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Java at 30: The Genius Behind the Code That Changed Tech
From trash-diving teen to tech pioneer, James Gosling’s pragmatic genius shaped three decades of Java and modern computing
https://thenewstack.io/java-at-30-the-genius-behind-the-code-that-changed-tech/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://simonwillison.net/2025/May/15/building-on-llms/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://huggingface.co/blog/transformers-model-definition
Tomi Engdahl says:
To Vibe or Not to Vibe? When and Where To Use Vibe Coding
We look at the leading use cases for vibe coding — as well as those cases when you should forgo the AI prompts and type code on your own.
https://thenewstack.io/to-vibe-or-not-to-vibe-when-and-where-to-use-vibe-coding/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://github.com/farre/midas
A GDB/MI Visual Studio Code Debug Adapter
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.theregister.com/2025/04/26/dos_distraction_free_writing/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/7-self-hosted-services-i-use-that-can-run-perfectly-on-a-raspberry-pi/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://dev.to/srbhr/top-7-apis-for-your-next-saas-2k76
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://techxplore.com/news/2025-04-spy-automated-tool-remote-malware.html
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/wish-used-mini-pc-instead-of-raspberry-pi/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/regret-switching-linux/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Why IT Pros Should Start Paying Attention to Git
Once the domain of developers, Git is fast becoming essential for IT operations, offering powerful benefits for managing infrastructure, automation, and documentation in a DevOps-driven world.
https://www.itprotoday.com/it-operations/why-it-pros-should-start-paying-attention-to-git
Tomi Engdahl says:
Announcing Wasmer 6.0 – closer to Native speeds!
Wasmer 6.0 packages all backends together, pushes the LLVM backend to within 5 % of native performance, introduces zero‑cost WebAssembly Exceptions and more!
https://wasmer.io/posts/announcing-wasmer-6-closer-to-native-speeds
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.inc.com/joe-procopio/why-technical-project-management-doesnt-work-anymore/91179044
Tomi Engdahl says:
VMware perpetual license holders receive cease-and-desist letters from Broadcom
Broadcom says it may audit VMware users.
https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2025/05/broadcom-sends-cease-and-desist-letters-to-subscription-less-vmware-users/
‘Infuriated’, ‘disappointed’ … Ex-VMware customers explain why they migrated to Nutanix
As Broadcom flings legal nastygrams at its own punters
https://www.theregister.com/2025/05/08/vmware_migrations_why_nutanix/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://devclass.com/2025/05/12/microsoft-makes-another-pitch-for-react-native-in-confusing-world-of-windows-desktop-development/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.codementor.io/@arcdev851332/how-i-learned-python-and-why-i-got-certified-2rezosw8ka
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://analyticsindiamag.com/ai-features/why-developers-are-quietly-quitting-golang/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://blog.jetbrains.com/rust/2025/05/13/is-rust-the-future-of-programming/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/made-windows-terminal-the-way-want-it/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.zdnet.com/article/end-of-10-offers-hope-and-help-to-windows-10-users-who-cant-upgrade/
Tomi Engdahl says:
GitHub CEO on Why We’ll Still Need Human Programmers
Thomas Dohmke foresees that anyone will be able to build software with AI, but everyone will need to maintain the software they build.
https://thenewstack.io/github-ceo-on-why-well-still-need-human-programmers/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.howtogeek.com/why-i-am-learning-to-code-in-the-age-of-vibe-coding/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://developers.redhat.com/articles/2025/04/24/new-c-features-gcc-15
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://blog.bytebytego.com/p/domain-driven-design-ddd-demystified
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://greptime.com/blogs/2025-04-25-greptimedb-observability2-new-database
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.howtogeek.com/install-free-apps-on-new-computer/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Build a Python + ChatGPT-3.5 Chatbot in 10 Minutes
Learn to build a simple chatbot using Python and OpenAI’s API in just minutes, with code examples that help beginners.
https://thenewstack.io/build-a-python-chatgpt-3-5-chatbot-in-10-minutes/
Tomi Engdahl says:
How To Set Up a Model Context Protocol Server
A tutorial for setting up a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server — the defacto way to communicate between LLM models and developer tools.
https://thenewstack.io/how-to-set-up-a-model-context-protocol-server/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/llm-running-commodore-64/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://dev.to/milewski/conduit-a-ui-less-node-based-system-3nkh
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.xda-developers.com/opnsense-plugins-that-make-my-home-network-a-joy-to-use/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.opencart.com/
Tomi Engdahl says:
A Practical Roadmap for Adopting Vibe Coding
Vibe coding must be implemented thoughtfully with proper governance to ensure that speed doesn’t come at the expense of quality and maintainability.
https://thenewstack.io/a-practical-roadmap-for-vibe-coding-adoption/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Generative AI is not replacing jobs or hurting wages at all, economists claim
‘When we look at the outcomes, it really has not moved the needle’
https://www.theregister.com/2025/04/29/generative_ai_no_effect_jobs_wages/
Tomi Engdahl says:
https://www.hurja.fi/asiakastarinat/case-ai-tietoturva-agentti/
Tomi Engdahl says:
Microsoft muuttaa tekoälyn koodaajan assistentista kumppaniksi
https://etn.fi/index.php/13-news/17540-microsoft-muuttaa-tekoaelyn-koodaajan-assistentista-kumppaniksi
Microsoftin Build 2025 -kehittäjätapahtumassa yhtiö esitteli merkittäviä uudistuksia GitHub Copilotiin ja Azure AI Foundryyn, joiden myötä tekoäly siirtyy ohjelmistokehittäjän yksinkertaisesta avustajasta täysimittaiseksi kehitystyön kumppaniksi.
GitHub Copilotin uusin versio jalostuu editointiassistentista älykkääksi koodausagentiksi, joka on nyt tiiviimmin integroitu GitHub-alustaan. Uuden asynkronisen agentin ansiosta kehittäjät voivat antaa laajempia tehtäviä tekoälylle ja keskittyä itse strategisempiin päätöksiin.
GitHub Models -työkaluun tuodaan hallintatoiminnot ja kehotteiden hallinta erityisesti yrityskäyttöä ajatellen, ja Copilotin tekoälyominaisuudet laajenevat avoimen lähdekoodin VS Code -editoriin.
Samaan aikaan Azure AI Foundry laajenee alustaksi, jossa kehittäjät voivat hallita tekoälyagentteja koko elinkaaren ajan suunnittelusta tuotantoon. Foundry tarjoaa käyttöön yli 1 900 tekoälymallia sekä uudet työkalut mallien arviointiin, turvalliseen käyttöönottoon ja toiminnan seurantaan.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Emma Roth / The Verge:
GitHub announces an AI coding agent for GitHub Copilot that can fix bugs, add features, improve docs, and more, and open-sources GitHub Copilot in VS Code — The AI coding agent will start working once a developer assigns it a task. … GitHub is launching an AI coding agent that can do things …
GitHub’s new AI coding agent can fix bugs for you
https://www.theverge.com/news/669339/github-ai-coding-agent-fix-bugs
The AI coding agent will start working once a developer assigns it a task.
GitHub is launching an AI coding agent that can do things like fix bugs, add features, and improve documentation — all on a developer’s behalf. The agent is embedded directly into GitHub Copilot, and it will start working once a user assigns it a task, according to an announcement at Microsoft Build.
To complete its work, GitHub says the AI coding agent will automatically boot a virtual machine, clone the repository, and analyze the codebase. It also saves its changes as it works, while providing a rundown of its reasoning in session logs. When it’s finished, GitHub says the agent will tag you for review. Developers can then leave comments that the agent will automatically address.
Aside from GitHub, other AI companies have revealed AI coding agents of their own. Google took the wraps off Jules in December, while OpenAI showed off ChatGPT’s coding agent, called Codex, last week.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Kyle Wiggers / TechCrunch:
Microsoft launches an open project called NLWeb to help devs add a “conversational interface” to their website in a few lines of code
NLWeb is Microsoft’s project to bring more chatbots to web pages
https://techcrunch.com/2025/05/19/nlweb-is-microsofts-project-to-bring-more-chatbots-to-webpages/
As part of an effort to make building AI-powered chatbots on the web simpler, Microsoft is launching an open project called NLWeb.
Announced at Build 2025, NLWeb lets websites provide a “conversational interface” — i.e. a text field and a submission button — for their users with a few lines of code, the AI model of their choice, and their own data. A retailer could use NLWeb to create a chatbot that helps users choose clothing for specific trips, for example, while a cooking site could use it to build a bot that suggests dishes to pair with a recipe.
Web pages built using NLWeb can optionally make their content discoverable and accessible to AI platforms that support MCP, Anthropic’s standard for connecting AI models to the systems where data resides.
“[W]e believe [NLWeb] can play a similar role to HTML for the agentic web,” writes Microsoft in press materials provided to TechCrunch. “[It] allows users to interact directly with web content in a rich, semantic manner.”
The Information reported last November that OpenAI was working with partners including Condé Nast, Redfin, Eventbrite, and Priceline on an early version of NLWeb. Back then, OpenAI was pitching the tech as a way for brands to bring ChatGPT-like conversational features to their websites, but the project faced several delays due to technical hurdles.
Months later, it seems NLWeb is ready for prime time — albeit perhaps in a different form than OpenAI originally envisioned.
Web pages built using NLWeb can optionally make their content discoverable and accessible to AI platforms that support MCP, Anthropic’s standard for connecting AI models to the systems where data resides.
Tomi Engdahl says:
Lawrence Abrams / BleepingComputer:
Microsoft open-sources the Windows Subsystem for Linux, launched in 2016, and makes it available on GitHub, except for a few Windows-specific components — Microsoft has open-sourced the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), making its source code available on GitHub, except for a few components that are part of Windows.
Microsoft open-sources Windows Subsystem for Linux at Build 2025
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/microsoft-open-sources-windows-subsystem-for-linux-at-build-2025/
Microsoft has open-sourced the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), making its source code available on GitHub, except for a few components that are part of Windows.
This marks a milestone for a project that started as an experiment almost a decade ago but has grown to become a very popular tool in Windows.
WSL was first introduced at Microsoft BUILD 2016 and was ultimately shipped in the Windows 10 Anniversary Update, allowing you to run Linux distributions directly in Windows.
Its first release, WSL 1, utilized a compatibility layer that translated Linux system calls so they could communicate and work with the Windows NT kernel using a custom driver named lxcore.sys.
In 2019, Microsoft released WSL 2, which included a real Linux kernel running in a virtual machine that offered significant improvements, such as performance enhancements, GPU and systemd support, and the ability to run graphical applications.
Now, at Microsoft Build 2025, the company has made WSL open source, including its command-line tools (wsl.exe and wslg.exe), background services (wslservice.exe), and Linux-side daemons used to start networking, launch other daemons, and set up port forwarding.
“WSL could never have been what it is today without its community. Even without access to WSL’s source code, people have been able to make major contributions that lead to what WSL is now,” Microsoft’s Pierre Boulay shared in an announcement.
https://github.com/microsoft/WSL
Tomi Engdahl says:
Wes Davis / The Verge:
Microsoft announces experimental cross-platform APIs for Edge to give web apps access to models built into Edge, like Microsoft’s Phi-4-mini
Microsoft is opening its on-device AI models up to web apps in Edge
https://www.theverge.com/news/669528/microsoft-ai-edge-browser-web-app-build-apis
A new set of APIs gives web apps the ability to offer prompt boxes and writing tools that use local AI models through the Edge browser.