Remote powering video

Remote powering implies that the power equipment is not local but some distance away. It is an alternative to commercial power, which can be hard to get and/or expensive. Remote means that the powering and powered equipment are in separate buildings or at different external locations inside same building.

This posting about remote powering in video applications.

RJ-45 cables

Power over Ethernet term describes several standard or ad-hoc systems which pass electric power along with data on twisted pair Ethernet cabling. This allows a single cable to provide both data connection and electric power to devices such as wireless access points, IP cameras, and VoIP phones. Recently communications technologies (ICT) industry has seen an array of PoE-enabled devices and applications proliferate commercial buildings, such as Wi-Fi, surveillance cameras, commercial lighting and sensors. The power and data can be supplied up to 100 meters.

The original IEEE 802.3af-2003 PoE standard provides up to 15.4 W of DC power (minimum 44 V DC and 350 mA) supplied to each device. The IEEE standard for PoE requires Category 5 cable or higher (can operate with category 3 cable for low power levels). The updated IEEE 802.3at-2009 PoE standard also known as PoE+ or PoE plus, provides up to 25.5 W of power. New IEEE 802.3bt standard that will be completed in 2018 will increase maximum power to almost 100 watts. The new IEEE802.3bt standard will increase the available power for the first time by using all four wire pairs in Ethernet cable.

HDBaseT Alliance has developed specifications for products that transport uncompressed, high-bandwidth multimedia content, 100BaseT Ethernet, power, and various control signals through a single LAN cable.HDBase can supply up to 10W power. HDBaseT’s ability to deliver up to 100W of power (over 100m, via a single LAN cable, without any additional power source) is actually very nicely aligned with trends in energy usage and demand. The power level is more than adequate for supporting today’s typical 40-inch LED TV, which requires 70W of power.

The key differences between the HDBaseT-powering approach and those from other independent manufacturers pursuing higher power levels are that it:

  • Complies with the section 33.7.1 of the IEEE802.3at-2009 standard, which mandates that all PSEs conform to International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60950-1:2001 specifications including classification as a Limited Power Source (LPS) carrying no more than 100 volt-ampere (VA) – or 100W – per port without the need for special over-current protection devices, and
  • Performs Powered Device (PD) detection followed by PD classification to determine a PD’s consumed power level prior to its ignition.

In a typical HDBaseT implementation, the PSE is installed and powered by a 50 to 57-volt DC power supply, and all PDs receive power directly over the HDBaseT link across all four pairs of CAT5-or-better cables. Additionally, core PoE technology has been enhanced for HDBaseT to use a 1 amp current for every two cabling pairs, 3-event classification to identify compliant PSEs, and identify the cable length/resistance (draw more power when required not exceeding 100W, rather than assuming a worst-case cabling infrastructure at all times). This enables HDBaseT technology to transfer of up to 100W of continuous DC power, per port, from one side of the HDBaseT link to the other.

In addition PoE and HDBase-T there are also passive adapters to adapt CCTV signals to RJ-45 wiring. Those video over UTP adapters contains video balun (balanced-to-unbalanced conversion) for video signal and connections from power source to wires on the cable. This kind of systems are typically designed to supply 9-24V CCTV camera power up to few hundred mA to the CCTV camera to power it.

Links to more information:

http://www.epanorama.net/newepa/2012/05/02/high-power-poe-and-hdbaset/

http://www.epanorama.net/newepa/2018/05/29/poe-powered-device-psu/

HDMI

HDMI video cable is designed to carry video signals for some distance. Typical length of the HDMI cable is few meter.  Some sources claim that DVI and HDMI specs give a maximum distance of 15 feet, but this isn’t true. The HDMI spec, in fact, gives no explicit length limit, but the requirements of the spec implicitly give rise to some length limitations for “compliant” cables. This mean that quite decent distances are possible with carefully designed cable (something like 10-15 meters) and with active signal amplifying electronics.

In addition to video HDMI cable supplies also some power. Typically according to the HDMI specifications the 5V output on the HDMI connector should provide at least 50ma of current to the connected device (sink).

The HDMI power source shall (from AN-1998 How to Meet the HDMI 5V Source Requirement
• Provide a voltage between 4.8V and 5.3V
• Implement over-current protection of less than 0.5A
• Supply a minimum of 55 mA

The actual current supplied by the device vary somewhat. For example Raspeberry Pi1 A/B, Max output current is 200mA. The power to HDMI port is supplied through diode BZX585 on Pi zero.

Portpowered devices such as some HDMI video switches, splitters, or cable boosters/equalizers rely on the 5v from the source to provide enough current for them to work.

Sometimes some device combinations have problems to work together because the power supplying device it not able to provide enough current at 5V power pin or the voltage it provides drops too much when current is increased.

In case you have too little power on your HDMI cable, there are inserter devices that can substitute 5v from the external power supply to the downstream device.

Antenna cable

There are local (within one building) applications where some low power DC is fed through the antenna cabling from the power supply to antenna amplifier. Using coaxial cables to deliver power to small-scale electronics is a common engineering practice. Typically the outer shield of coax cable is used as negative end of supply. Very many TV cable amplifiers (usually located on attic) use this method of delivering DC and antenna signal over a single coax cable.

Most typical power supply voltage used for this are 12V DC The power is inserted to the cable using DC power inserter. The available power is quite low (typical value around 12V 100 mA). Typical satellite TV setup operates at voltages between 13V and 18V DC on the antenna cable. 24 DC is used for powering large house common antenna TV amplifiers. Some set-top box devices and GPS receivers supply current limited 5V DC for the active antenna.

The method for inserting and taking power form antenna cable is based on “bias tee” circuit:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxgpm-UXTNY

There is also higher power AC power feed used by CATV networks that I have already described in Remote Powering over communications cabling (part 1) posting.

Links to more information:

http://www.epanorama.net/newepa/2018/06/10/remote-powering-over-communications-cabling-part-1/

http://www.ad5x.com/images/Articles/RemoteDC%20RevA.pdf

http://www.hayseed.net/~jpk5lad/K5LAD%20Memories/Vols%2031-35/Memories–Vol33.htm

https://vk6ysf.com/masthead_coax_power_feed.htm

https://edsard.nl/projects/miniwhip/

http://www.seekic.com/circuit_diagram/Audio_Circuit/index33.html

https://hackaday.com/2018/06/26/everything-you-didnt-know-you-were-missing-about-bias-tees/

 

Camera cable

In TV studio is is typical that all the cameras are controlled from the main controlling room. Camera control unit (CCU) allows the camera settings to be controlled remotely. In this arrangement the camera operator just needs to do the sootin by aiming the camera to right direction and possibly doign shooting. All other camera settings are done through CCU from the control room. This allows that the techncian there can easily match the picture from different cameras to look the same, because he/she has access to control all of them.

The camera is connected to the CCU using a cable. This cable generally carries the video signal from camera (in suitable video format), audio, power to camera, intercom communications, tally light control and camera control signals. Traditionally CCU has been connected to the camera through a multi-core cable or throug Triax cable.

Multicore cable is a cable with multiple different kind of wires inside it. There are conductors for carrying video signals (generally miniature coaxial cables) and other signals (usually twisted pairs). Different camera systems use different kind of multicore cables. In addition to video multicore cable carries power (typically 12V), audio and control signal. For power there is typically own wire pair that carries the camera power.

According to Wikipedia Multi core cables page typical signals multicore cable can provide both digital signal and analog signals:

 Multicore cables are used with professional video cameras. In television studios, 26-pin cables are used to connect “cameras” to camera control units (CCU). Triaxial cables are used primarily in outside broadcasting however both are capable of delivering an HD-SDI feed and 30 – 40 Watts of power for the Cameras.

There has been many different multi-pin camera connectors. There has been for example many 10, 14 and 26 pin connector/pin-out variations. Typically the camera power in those systems has been +12V. The 26 pin Hirose round connector used on most studio cameras to connect back to the VCR or CCU.

Links to more information:

http://www.cameratim.com/electronics/camera-connectors

https://www.tvcameramuseum.org/cameracables/cableslist.htm

Triax cable

Triax cables are used in TV broadcast industry for TV camera interconnections (connecting camera to CCU and supplying power to camera). Triaxial cables are constructed with a solid or stranded center conductor and two isolated shields. The center conductor and the inner isolated shield make up a coaxial cable configuration that functions to carry the video signal. The outer isolated shield can be used for several separate signals by means of multiplexing that may include power feed, teleprompter feeds and control for automation.

There are two versions of triax cable commonly used in TV industry: RG59 (3/8″) and RG11 (1/2″). Typical triax camera system can send the picture from over a triax cable for up to 500 meters with no degradation. Camera set-ups that can be remotely adjusted though ta cable, as well as usually intercom functions.

When using triax cable, the overall system is powered by AC power at the CCU (some CCUs might also accept local DC power from batteries). Because the cable length can be very long (up to hundreds of meters) and considerable power needs to be transported (large camera and local monitor), the voltages transported through the triax cable can be quite high (up to 160V DC or 250V AC on some systems) to allow long distance power transfer (resistance can be 5-30 ohms per kilometer). The high supply voltage is converted in the camera adapter to 12V DC by a switched mode power supply. Because of high voltages on the cable, there are various special precautions that are taken in account to monitor earth leakage etc. to prevent electric shock under fault (damaged cable) conditions. Depending on the system, triax system can power up to tens of watts of power to camera (needed to power camera itself and accessories).
A typical triax system has the bi-directional signal multiplexing capability that provides power, genlock, return video, program audio, intercom, tally and complete camera control from the CCU to the CAU. In conventional Analog Triax the signals (component video, audio, intercom, control etc.) are modulated onto different frequency FM carriers which are carried through the same cable. Digital Triax is Component Digital video (plus other signals) running down the cable in digital format.

Links to more information:

http://www.epanorama.net/documents/video/triax.html

Coaxial camera cables

Probably the most common way of installing SD CCTV is using RG59 coaxial cable. For the camera power, the traditional approach has been to provide power wires besides the coaxial cable (can be separate cable or integrated together with coax). The power is typically 12V over power feed wires (can be 24V on some systems). With this kind of system the maximum distance is around 100 meters for the video and power.

Because cable and installation costs easily more than some electronics, there is a trend to power up security camera by using Power Over Coax (PoC) without the need to use extra cables. Power over coax is the process allowing a specific power over coax camera to receive power via a specific PoC injector using RG59 or CT100 cable types. The injector injects power on to the Coax cable, negating the need to fit power local power supplies near the cameras. The marketers tells that this is very simple, just use a DVR and a camera that are compliant with the Power Over Coax standard. It is possible to get long transmission distance of 300m or 500m depending on cable used. For installers this means a much more time- and cost-efficient installation.

This technology is not new as there has been many proprietary powering over coaxial cable systems in use. Power and video over same cable has also been tried years ago with analogue composite video systems. EDN article Composite video and power on coax shows a the circuitry at the monitor end of the coax cable supplies all the power to the system. This circuit uses a gyrator (synthetic inductor) isolates the low-impedance power supply from the cable by maintaining a reasonably high impedance over the video bandwidth while contributing only 0.1 ohms of series resistance. The video is modulatedon the 20V-dc line and the camera end uses a 12V fixed-voltage regulator to supply 12V to a black-and-white CCD video camera (120 mA).

PoC a.k.a. Power over Coax, is a new power system that can supply energy to analog HD systems through coax cable, without any other power source. This Video highlights Microchip’s ability to send up to 3Gbit/sec simultaneous video, power and camera control over a single coaxial cable at very long distances.

There are also modules are used to combine HD SDI video and DC power over the same co-axial cable, and extract separate power and video at the end of the cable. This approach allows powering camera and transporting HDTV video over one coaxial cable. The exact technologies and power ratings depends on the manufacturers (use compatible devices from same manufacturers on both ends and things should work). For example LEN LPCI01 says to support power feed of 48V DC maximum and 4A maximum. The power output depends upon the input voltage and the voltage drop caused by the current drawn and the resistance of the cable carrying the combined power and video signal.

There are also solutions that can converts IP camera signals (Ethernet) and power to coaxial cable. Check out this How to convert IP PoE over coax cable video:

Links to more information:
https://blog.spycameracctv.com/what-is-power-over-coax-poc
https://learncctv.com/what-is-power-over-coax-poc-for-cctv/https://www.a1securitycameras.com/security-camera-technologies/there-is-a-new-tech-in-town-poc-power-over-coax/
https://www.a1securitycameras.com/security-camera-technologies/there-is-a-new-tech-in-town-poc-power-over-coax/
https://www.edn.com/design/other/4339752/EDN-Access-09-25-97-Camera-power-and-video-use-same-coax-cable
https://www.visiotechsecurity.com/en/news/195-hd-cctv-over-coaxial-cable

http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snla224/snla224.pdf

 

15 Comments

  1. Kate says:

    It is an alternative to commercial power.

    Reply
  2. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Powered fiber cable drives video security
    https://www.cablinginstall.com/articles/print/volume-24/issue-2/features/security/powered-fiber-cable-drives-video-security.html

    High-definition video cameras are increasingly popular as a means to secure sites such as hospitals and university campuses, but evolution in camera technology and the demands of specific venues are driving changes in the cabling systems used to connect these cameras. The need to bring power and high-bandwidth data resources to every camera in a broad-based deployment often means high construction costs and suboptimal placement of cameras. In this article, we’ll look at the changing technology in surveillance cameras, how this impacts the type of cabling used to connect them, and how hybrid cable systems can support future deployments.

    According to Transparency Market Research, the demand for video surveillance systems is rising, expected to approach $40 billion USD by 2020. Similarly, securitysales.com predicts a market of $42 billion USD by 2019 with a compound annual growth rate for IP-based video surveillance in particular of 24.2 percent from 2013 to 2019.

    Changing camera technology

    In the past, lower-resolution analog security cameras have been widely deployed. But the quality of the video in these 920H and lower resolution cameras is far lower than the new wave of IP-based high-definition (HD) video cameras (meaning cameras with resolution of at least 720p).

    With the advent of 4K video standards, security cameras are now supporting 3840 pixels by 2160 lines, or 2160p resolution, and camera makers are already experimenting with 8K video

    4K video cameras are already making significant improvements in security. With high resolution, these cameras can be placed at considerable distances from the area they monitor and still allow digital zoom to pick up small objects.

    In addition, sites are enhancing security by using low-cost facial recognition servers to process the video feed. One customer recently cited to us that for as little as $6,000

    With higher resolution comes the need for higher bandwidth. Yesterday’s video cameras could be connected with coaxial cable because they needed fairly low bandwidth. Some estimates are that a single 4K camera video feed, with modern video compression, needs about 15 Mbits/sec minimum of bandwidth (without video compression the bandwidth need is much higher).

    IEEE ratified a standard for delivering both power and data in a single Ethernet cable; it is called Power over Ethernet, or PoE. The standards 802.3af (PoE) and 802.3at (PoE Plus) define how power and data can be delivered at distances up to 100 meters via category cabling. More than a simple direct current (DC) power solution, the PoE standard incorporates excellent safety features, software handshaking, etc. into a truly useful solution.

    nstallers will often want to use optical fiber to form connections. Singlemode fiber can carry nearly unlimited data, so it is more than ample for connecting 4K or 8K cameras, and its reach can extend for miles. Multimode fiber, especially newer 50-micron core-size Om3 and Om4 fibers, can handle distances in the “hundreds of meters” range and so is also a viable option for many situations.

    So fiber is a great option for handling long-distance data transmission, but what about also delivering power?

    A powered fiber cable system (PFCS) addresses the need for local power as well as the need for fiber data connectivity. The PFCS incorporates a rack-mounted power and optical-fiber termination point, a hybrid cable that includes both singlemode and multimode fiber and electrical conductors, and a remote termination node that plugs into the camera being powered.

    In a PFCS, each cable is capable of powering any PoE-compliant device at a distance of up to 3 kilometers, giving the system 30 times the reach of standard PoE systems. An integrated media converter and PoE chipset work together to deliver a simple PoE or PoE Plus output in an RJ45 jack.

    With a PFCS, deploying video cameras becomes a fairly straightforward process. The PFCS acts as a long extension cord for data and power connectivity to any location desired

    The PFCS also eliminates the need for licensed electricians by staying within the National Electrical Code (NEC) Class 2 and Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) limits for low power, intrinsically safe electrical systems. Cables may be routed in the same cable pathways as Ethernet cable and other fiber-optic communications cables.

    Reply
  3. Tomi Engdahl says:

    How to connect Power Cables to a Power Distribution Box
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yV5KKmUlmsg

    Reply
  4. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Extreme Broadband Tutorial – Modules
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZFhEoULIzg

    This training tutorial highlights the features and installation methods for the Infinity Premise System Moduels.



    It talks also on remote powering using antenna cabling.

    Reply
  5. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Middle Atlantic Compact DC Power Distribution Systems
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZhK11oV8TN0

    Replace Messy, Space Hogging Wall Warts and Power Strips with a Universal DC Power Solution!

    Eliminate wall warts and other power clutter in your AV, networking or security installations with DC Power Distribution, the perfect universal power solution for most DC powered devices like extenders, scalers, converters, and media players. With flexible mounting options, DC Power Distribution can be placed within typical rack units, small enclosures or wall boxes. This space-saving solution is intuitive to install with a color-coded screw terminal connector platform and polarity labeling.

    Reply
  6. Tomi Engdahl says:

    24V AC vs 12V DC Power Supply
    https://www.2mcctv.com/blog/2020_04_25-24v-ac-vs-12v-dc-power-supply/

    When you plan your video surveillance system, there is a maximum amount of distance you can run your power cable to the security cameras. In this blog, we will elaborate more about the difference between using 24vac power supply for camera vs 12 VDC.

    The majority of analog security cameras (TVI,CVI,AHD,CVBS) require 12vdc power. The analog security cameras use siamese coaxial cable a pair of wires consisting of coaxial cable 75OHMs and 2/18 gauge power wire. However, there is analog security that takes dual voltage 24VAC and 12VDC.

    For commercial security camera installs it is recommended to use dual voltage analog security cameras. Installers will not have to face any issues of voltage drop that happen from using 12VDC. Using a 24VAC power supply and 18/2 gauge the power can run up to 750 feet without any current drop. However, using 12v dc power supply the cable can run up to 250 feet at max, third of the distance that can be run by using 24VAC.

    Regular security camera draws between 0.5 to 1.5 amperes. Pan tilt Zoom cameras require more ampere to run the PTZ motor, ranging from 2-5 amperes.

    Thicker Power Cable

    Eighteen gauge wire is the most popular power cable for security cameras. Thicker power wire can be utilized to run further distances. The price of thicker wire might not be as feasible as buying a security camera that takes dual voltage and using a 24VAC instead.

    The first thing to do is to determine how far the farthest camera from the power source is. If the cable run is less than 250 feet than you can use 12v dc power supply. IF you are running longer runs you might need to consider buying dual voltage cameras, buying thicker wires or higher ampere power supply.

    Reply
  7. Tomi Engdahl says:

    12V DC vs 24V AC Power for Security Cameras
    https://securitycamcenter.com/12v-dc-24v-ac-security-camera-systems/

    In CCTV camera systems, the distance how far you can run the security cameras depends how far you can run the power cables. There are length limits for both the coax video cable and the power cable. In this article, we will discuss the differences between 12V DC and 24V AC power sources in security camera systems.

    Traditionally, CCTV security cameras were 24V AC, but around 2005 the 12V DC cameras started to become popular due to their low cost. Nowadays the majority of HD analog security cameras (such as HD-TVI, HD-CVI, AHD, CVBS) require 12V DC power supply.

    The analog security cameras use siamese coaxial cable which, a pair of wires consisting of coaxial cable 75OHMs and 2/18 gauge power wire. However, there are security cameras that take dual voltage 24V AC and 12V DC.

    Using a 24V AC power supply and 18/2 gauge the power can run up to 750 feet without any current drop. Using 12V DC power supply the cable can run up to 300 feet at max.

    A security camera’s power consumption is usually referred to in milliamps (mA). Usually, the camera’s power consumption is generally around 200-400mA. Things like mechanical filters, infrared IR LEDs, and internal heaters will increase this number and eventually it gets closer to 1-1.5 Amps.

    Trying to power a 1.2A camera with 12V DC over a long distance is unfeasible as there will be too much total resistance in the long cable run that adds up to a substantial voltage drop resulting in camera failure.

    A common problem attributed to voltage drop is where the security camera works fine when there is low consumption but at night, when the IR LEDs turn on, it stops working completely. Problems can also include hum bars, video distortion, and other symptoms which are often mistaken as a bad camera

    Nowadays most of the CCTV and HD over coax cameras use 12V DC. They usually come with an individual 12V DC power supply or can use a multi-camera power supply box. Many higher end commercial grade cameras come in dual voltage, which allows installers to use a 12V DC or 24V AC power supply accordingly to the installation job

    The power cable and the power supply (12V DC/24V AC)

    It’s possible to run power longer distances if you use thicker gauge cable. For example if you increase the size of the power cable to 16 gauge instead of 18, you can run the 12V DC 380 feet with less than 10% power drop. You can run the 24 V AC up to 1,100 feet.

    So the thicker the cable, the less the power drop and the farther the power can be transmitted. However, the good cables can get expensive, you need to analyse the project and find out the right balance between the cost and equipment.

    Reply
  8. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Do I use 12Vdc or 24Vac for my CCTV System?
    https://www.alarmcorp.com.au/blog/2013/08/20/do-i-use-12vdc-or-24vac-for-my-cctv-system/

    For example, a camera that has a rated power consumption of 6W (6 Watts) will draw approx. 500mA @ 12V or 250mA @ 24V (W / V = A) – And this is before we factor in the voltage drop caused by cable gauge / length of run / termination resistance, etc. Assuming that we stick with industry best practice which recommends that you do not connect more than 70-80% of the rated load of the power supply, in this example, in order to power 16 of these cameras, you would require a 10A /12Vdc power supply or a 5A /24Vac power supply.

    There’s a difference between 12Vdc & 24Vac Supplies (apart from the obvious):

    Due to manufacturing complexity, DC supplies can be up to 3 times more expensive than an equivalent AC supply for any given current rating i.e. a 12Vdc 5A supply can be up to 3 x more costly than a 24Vac 5A. In the example above, if we select 12Vdc over 24Vac, we will need a supply that is up to 6 x more expensive (twice the current rating + 3 x more expensive to manufacture).

    12Vdc Regulated Supplies:

    There are a couple of other things that need consideration – first is that good quality 12Vdc power supplies are designed to deliver a constant (regulated) 12Vdc. You should be able to measure this from no load (nothing connected) through to full load (the power supply rating – eg 2.5A, 5A, 10A) So, cable run induced voltage drop aside, the connected devices should always have a constant (12V) DC voltage supplied to them, regardless of input mains voltage (240V) – note that the mains supply voltage can vary both up and down depending upon location, cabling infrastructure, local load and time of day.

    24Vac Supplies:

    24Vac supplies on the other hand have no internal voltage regulation, in fact the only time that you will be able to measure approximately 24Vac on the output of these supplies is if two factors are met:

    1) The incoming mains is 240V (not 215V or 260V, etc. – as it can sometimes be in certain areas)

    AND

    2) The connected load is close to (or at) the maximum rating of the transformer (eg 2A load on a 2A power supply, 9.9A load on a 10A supply, etc.)

    If output load remains stable but the incoming mains voltage varies up or down, the output voltage will track up and down proportionately:

    eg: 230Vac In > 23Vac Out / 255Vac In > 25.5Vac Out

    Likewise, (assuming that incoming mains is 240Vac) – if a 24Vac 10A power supply has a connected load of 1.5A (as can sometimes be the case where an installer specifies a 10A supply to cater for future system expansion), then the output voltage can be anywhere between (say) 26V and 28V – depending on transformer quality and design. Now, if the incoming mains rises to (say) 255V from 240V, then output voltage could be over 30Vac – potentially leading to longterm connected equipment damage.

    Depending upon the installation requirements, 24Vac power is generally more flexible when it comes to medium to long cable runs – Ohm’s Law tells us that for a given equipment current draw and cable length, the voltage drop over the distance will be similar for 12Vdc or 24Vac – however, if the calculated voltage drop is (say) 2.5V, then the camera connected will probably work satisfactorily on 24Vac, but may not start at all on 12Vdc (24V-2.5V = 21.5V ~ usually within the operating parameters of most cameras, while 12V – 2.5V = 9.5V ~ probably below the minimum operating voltage of most cameras)

    The Bottom Line:

    While there are a couple of exceptions, if mains voltage is reasonably stable and your cameras can accept either 12Vdc or 24Vac, then 24Vac power is generally the way to go – for both performance and cost effectiveness.

    Reply
  9. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Video Tutorial : How to Power Your CCTV Security Cameras
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OqlX2RyJUa8

    Reply
  10. Tomi Engdahl says:

    https://www.bhphotovideo.com/explora/video/tips-and-solutions/how-can-you-power-your-video-camera

    Reply
  11. Tomi Engdahl says:

    External powering of camera
    https://www.noabe.com/help/index.php/external-powering-of-camera/

    Reply
  12. Tomi Engdahl says:

    How to power a PoE security camera using a 12V DC power supply
    https://www.cctvcameraworld.com/power-poe-security-camera-w-12vdc/

    Reply
  13. Hadley Garcia says:

    Canon Printer Setup Support to Keep Your Printer Running Smoothly Both commercials, as well as home printers, are the most temperamental and complex pieces of electronic devices. Almost all businesses depend on printers to complete their daily operations. Training materials, invoices, brochures, and other crucial documents, to print all these things, you will need a help.

    Reply
  14. Tomi Engdahl says:

    How much power can an HDMI Cable with Cable Power draw? Using HDMI Cable Power, the cable can draw up to 300 mA from the 5V supply of the source. HDMI Connectors already provide 5V power.

    Source: https://www.hdmi.org/spec21sub/cablepower

    Reply
  15. Tomi Engdahl says:

    Twinax vs. Triax Cables: Benefits and Differences
    https://www.milestek.com/blog/twinax-vs-triax-cables-benefits-and-differences

    Reply

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